What is bioinorganic chemistry?

Bioinorganic chemistry is a branch of inorganic chemistry, which includes research mainly on how metal ions interact with living tissue, especially through their direct effect on enzymatic activity. It is estimated that one -third of enzymes and proteins in the human body rely on metal ions to function properly in several key ways. These biological areas use proteins with metal ions present for energy transfer through electrons, oxygen transport and nitrogen metabolism. Hydrogenase is also influenced by metal ions in the body, which is an enzyme based on a microorganism responsible for the transmission of hydrogen, as well as alkyltransferases, which are enzymes responsible for the transmission of alkyl chemical groups between molecules. More than a dozen metals, including zinc, iron and manganese, are involved in these processes, with metal elements based on vitamins also play an important role in activity as potassium and calcium.

Each group of metal ions performs a selection range of functions in bioinorganica chemistry. Both sodium and potassium act as electrons hub carriers and maintain the balance of hubs across the permeable membranes. Magnesium, calcium and zinc perform structural roles at the cellular level, and especially magnesium and zinc can catalyze the process of hydrolysis, where the compounds decompose in aquatic solution. Metal ions, such as molybdenum, act as a nitrogen fixater, while iron and copper during oxygen transport. Although these are all important functions in the body, the principles of bioinorganic chemistry require only trace elements of metal ions such as manganese, lithium and molybdenum so that these types of functions can be toxic and even lethal.

In many cases, biochemistry for animals includes cooperative efforts with bacteria present in the body. Bioinorganic chemistry relies on this symbiotic relations with examples such as metal ions of vanado and molybdenum because they help bacteria to fill nitrogen in the body or on the basis of hydrogenases that transport hydrogen. YetWhat many of these metals are introduced into the body from the diet or are present in bacteria, some exist as components of metaloproteins, which are proteins with naturally attached metal ionic structures.

In addition to the natural physiological activity of metal ions in bioinorganic chemistry, a study in pharmaceutical research is also subject to pharmaceutical research. Fastening metal ions to drugs may allow them to be more easily metabolized by the body. This diversity of metal ions functions results in a number of natural sciences that work in inorganic chemistry from environmental chemistry to toxicology and specialized areas such as enzymology.