What is an atomic orbital?

Atomic orbit is an area of ​​space around the atom core where an electron is located. The exact location can only be approached by the laws of probability. Atomic orbitals occupy spherical areas around the core in three dimensions, so electrons do not contain the core like the planet orbits the star. There are different shapes on orbitals; One type that symmetrically surrounds the nucleus of the atom, and the other that spreads in different directions on both sides of the core. Each atomic orbit, regardless of its type, is located at different energy levels that reach further from the core, while the lowest energy level is closest. There are various other shapes for atomic orbitals that help describe the nature of electrons as waves surrounding the core. Atoms with a single chosenron are structured as a planet with an atmosphere and it seems that atoms with many electrons have a cloud of electrons that surround them. Electrons near the core have lower energy, while orbits become more complex at higher energy levels further from the core.

The quantum number is used to define electron energy states and electrons change energy levels by emitting or absorption of energy. At any given moment, the atom status is determined by the analysis of its electron configuration, which can change when it interacts with other atoms and molecules in the environment. At any level, there are up to three P orbits, except for the first core and the higher the energy level, the more prolonged it is orbital. Each atomic orbit has two electrons that are differentiated according to their rotation direction.

In the relevant atoms, each atomic orbital interacts during molecules and compounds. In the linear combination of atomic orbitals, two or more atoms can share electrons among the orbitals of each of them. The theory of hybridization of atomic orbitals describes the shape of the molecule when it is connected together by one atom rather than a few. May include a combination of orbitals withThe number of electrons is also given. The atomic orbit of each electron in the atom is studied by experts in quantum mechanics to understand the complexity of atoms and how they interact.