What is the internal standard?
The internal standard is a known amount of chemical added to the analytical sample, which allows technicians to calibrate laboratory tools. This also allows you to calculate the amount of unknown chemicals because the tool will show the amount of known standard as a reference. Tests that can benefit from the internal standard include gas and liquid chromatography.
Gaseous chromatography passes through a vaporized sample through a column full of solid, very pure forms of soil. The sample moves through a column with inert or unreactive gas such as nitrogen or argon. Different molecules absorb on the column and then release on the basis of their molecular structure. The gas then carries a separate sample on the flame to form ions or molecules with small electric charges. The detector determines the amount of every ion and portrays the results on the graph.
Liquid chromatography also separates the samples on various molecules, but uses the liquid solvent to refine the sample by gravity or by pressure through stationary material.The chromatographic bed can be resin, diatomaceous country or even other liquid. The sample is loaded at the top and the solvent is added to push the sample down through the column material.
parts of the sample will pass through a column at different speeds on the basis of molecular or ionic characteristics. Small liquid samples, called aliquots, are taken at regular intervals from the bottom of the column. These samples will contain different molecules that have been separated in the column and are analyzed to determine their composition.
In both types of chromatography, many variables can affect the results. The bearing gas flow may change slightly or columns may be at different temperatures for different samples. Adding a calibrated internal standard provides a known result for any sample placed tool. If in a tool like gas flow, it changes by a small percentageThis will change the standard by the same amount.
As soon as the device is calibrated by lowering the internal standard, an unknown chemical sample can be made by the same device, with a part of the standard. The results show chemical make -up unknown plus the internal standard, brought on the graph created by the tool. Knowledge of the amount of internal standard can be determined by the relative amount of unknown chemical, which allows the concentration to calculate.
It is important to realize that the internal standard is not used for chemical reaction with any sample. Rather, it is used to compare the molecules of any unknown material with a known amount of standard. This technique is known as one variable setting, as the known standard will always remain the same from the sample to the sample, regardless of other conditions that may change.