What is a genetic drift?

Genetic drift is an evolution mechanism that occurs by accident than a natural selection. In a genetic drift, the population is experiencing a change in the frequency of the allele, which is more of a random happiness than the need for adaptation. This differs from the natural selection in which the allele frequency changes on the basis of the most suitable genes that survive for reproduction and die weaker genes. Genetic drift tends to be a phenomenon among smaller populations, while the natural selection swings in larger populations. Imagine that both worms and white worms are in the same population. If the red worm with a white worm is one hand over one allele to the offspring, red or white to form a gene. The dominant or strong allele determines which feature of the baby worm represents. If it is dominant white, the worm will be white, if the dominant red, the worm will be red and the child the baby gets two of the same recessive alleles, shows this recessive feature. Genetics is much more complicated than thatThis allows an example, but this is a general concept.

Now the magine these worms live in a swamp full of red mud and are surrounded by birds who want to eat them. The worms will survive more often because they are masked by mud and predators will not be so easy to see. Therefore, more red worms will live for reproduction and more red alleles will be transferred to offspring, which increases the red alley frequency. More white worms that birds easily see will be consumed before they can pass their genes to reduce their allele frequency. This is a natural selection.

Now imagine that there are ten red worms and ten white worms with the same chances of survival to reproduce. The tree falls on the swamp and kills eight worms; Six white two red. Then assume that two white worms and one red worm become ill and die. There are now seven red worms and only two white worms remain. ItThis is an example of a genetic drift.

Genetic drift can also occur using a random sampling error. The sampling error occurs when the sample shows different results than the entire population. Let's say, for example, that there are fifty red worms in the population and fifty white worms and scientists randomly select ten worms to be observed. Because the sample is smaller, alleles transmitted in a group of ten do not even have to be in the group. Also, if the group contains more red worms than white, the presentation of the alleles in the offspring will be distorted.

Genetic drift is determined when one allele replaces another completely or one allele dies. Imagine seven red worms and two white worms that remained in the swamp after the tree disaster and the disease killed another eleven worms. As the worms are reproduced, Less White Worms will appear until any white worms are left. The genetic drift will then be repaired because all future generations will be red.

because genetic drift works much fastEji in small populations, the narrow profile of the population or the founder can increase the process of genetic drift. The anxiety of the population occurs when the population suddenly undergoes immersion in size. A tree falling on a swamp and killing almost half of the worms population is an example of a narrow effect. The founding effect occurs when a small part of the population becomes isolated from the rest of the group and develops separately.