What is the tire convection?
The tire convection is a process that is transferred from the Earth's core up to the surface. It is assumed that the heating of the sheath is created by the core of the core, in which the material of the hot shell rises and cools as possible, towards the bark until it reaches the less dense material, spreads and descends at this point. Similar processes can be observed in any liquid above the hot or warm surface - for example, an atmosphere. It is assumed that the tire convection is responsible for the tectonics of the board and the continental drift as well as volcanism.
The ground consists of three main layers: cores, tires and bark. The core is assumed that it is mainly composed of iron and nickel, but with a high proportion of radioactive elements; The disintegration of these elements, along with the heat remaining from the ground formation, keeps the core at a high temperature - considered 5,432 and 10,832 ° F (3,000 and 6,000 ° C) above the core, found a cloak, a la, a layer of hot metal silicate material thickness 1,800 miles (2 900 km).Basically liquid in its upper reach, but perhaps firmly down down. The highest layer is the bark, a solid layer of less dense material that floats on the shell. It consists of oceanic bark-ocean-tougher 4-7 miles (6-11 km) and continental bark, 19 miles (30 km) thick.
The bark is divided into continental plates, which have slowly moved throughout geological history due to each other, divided and connected, probably under the influence of convection processes in the cloak. It is assumed that where the growing mantle material approaches to the bark, it causes parts of the bark to move apart from each other. It is assumed that the Atlantic Ocean has been created in this way and the process continues today, while the new ocean bark is created a cloakmaker along the central -Atlantic ridge. There are also a number of "hot spots" where the material material forms a new country on the surface - for example, Iceland and Hawaii. In nThe sections of the ocean cortex can slip under the continental bark and descend deep into the cloak; They are known as subduction zones.
While the movement of tectonic plates is well established and supported by observable evidence, processes taking place in the earth's mantle that control tectonics cannot be directly examined. It seems highly likely that convection processes work there, but their exact nature remains unclear. Examination of the jacket convection must use indirect methods such as the behavior of seismic waves and the chemical analysis of the material material that has been extruded on the surface by volcanic activity. It was found that the samples of the material of the sheath taken from different places differ chemically from each other. It seems to be contrary to the theoretical models where the convection occurs in the entire depth of the shell, as this should lead to thorough mixing of the material, resulting in a chemically homogeneous magma.
The theory of the tire convection must be inTo illuminate the variable chemical composition of the material of the sheath while agreeing to other observations and physical restrictions in terms of the cloak structure. In some models there are different layers in the upper layer, while the convections take place and the clouds of the material rise from the bottom layer. Others include "balls" of ancient, deep material hovering in the upper cloak. The role can also play incomplete mixing of the subduced oceanic cortex with the mantle material. The tire convection is an area of active research and since 2011 there is no consensus regarding the details of the process.