What is seismic interpretation?

Seismic interpretation is the process of analysis of seismic data for underground minerals, oil, natural gas or settling fresh water. Technical problems may occur with the correct interpretation of data, where noise is present in seismic display and where the three -dimensional (3D) seismic interpretation of subsurface structures is attempted. Geological features, such as channel errors and stratigraphic formations, must first be clearly distinguished and often overlap. Increasing data by a spectral element or color coding in seismic software, as well as an effort to improve image distinction, is one of the main ingredients used in determining seismic attributes.

3D seismic maps have become popular with progress in imaging software that allow seismic readings to be highlighted. This brought geophysics to the seismic mapping area, which was once dominated by geologists in the oil industry. Geophysicists are often encouraged by the complexities of 3D mapping elements in seismic interpretation such as AZ distributionImmuts that are changes in horizontal deviations of subsurface structures. Geologists have less exposure to sophisticated mapping techniques and have to gain further education in geophysics to understand.

There is no dominant way to display seismic data, and various approaches to seismic interpretation must be adapted to local mining, search or research needs. The fields where seismic interpretations are now used can range from structural geology for construction to environmental geology to determine failure lines. This process is considered art and skill, with a former focus on accurately detecting the volume and extent of underground fossil fuels. The new techniques used in the field are focused on the analysis of stack amplitude amplitude, analysis of the amplitude analysis dependent on the offset (AVO), inversion of acoustic impedance and others.

Amplitude analysis is used to STanking the capabilities of the subsurface layers to demonstrate elastic properties with each other and is useful in determining the level of illumination. In the mid -1980s, AVO technology became popular in the oil industry and, in conjunction with 3D images, recorded a revival in interest, although this process in some regions of the world works better than in others. Avo has ever gained a bad reputation as unreliable, because geophysics of rocks and fluids must first be determined as suitable for AVO analysis. Pre -feasibility studies are therefore necessary for seismic modeling for AVO, which is to be a value. Extensive understanding of the local geological conditions of a geologist is also necessary for calculations AVOs to achieve meaningful results.

Seismic services are most effective in interpretation when they are well informed about what details of seismic images really represent. For example, the contrast in seismic data is due to the real material bed linen and not the side or facies changes in layers. NodData spoiling is also limited by the frequency of the seismic wave used. The stratigraphic layer can only be solved if its thickness is at least a quarter of the size of the actual wavelength of the seismic imaging device, which means that the software can only be solved by layers of 82 meters (25 meters) or larger.

other factors such as degradation of image resolution with increasing depth occur when using acoustic impedance. The Earth itself also filters seismic signals. The higher the noise level in the data, the more the software must filter it, which remains the remaining necessary information. Seismic interpretation must include experienced geologists and geophysics in order to use the growing level of returned data, especially the environment of the environment for seismic scanning to include the location and soil with greater and greater diversity.