What is Structural Biology?

Structural biology refers to a new discipline that mainly uses physical methods in conjunction with biochemical and molecular biological methods to study the structure and function of biological macromolecules. It has become the most accurate and effective branch of molecular biology. Life activities at all levels require the study of material structure and function at the molecular level in order to finally clarify its essence. The development of structural biology in recent years has been affecting the face of biophysics. [1]

Structural biology

What is structural biology? To function, biological macromolecules must meet two conditions. First, all biological macromolecules that have functions and activities must have a specific, unique, and relatively stable tertiary structure. Second, structural movement. Without a stable tertiary structure and structural movement, it is difficult for biological macromolecules to exert biological functions or activities. So, what does structural biology study? In my opinion, the determination of the tertiary structure of biological macromolecules is used as a means to study the structure-function relationship of biological macromolecules, and to explore the mechanism and principle of biological macromolecules as research purposes. Structural biology is a quantitative clarification in the development of modern biology
The development of structural biology has gone through the following stages: Structural biology originated from the discovery of Waston Crick in the 1950s
This book focuses on the relationship between the structure and function of biological macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins), and is based on structural biology research techniques.
Foreword
Chapter 1 Introduction
1 Structural BiologyHistory and Definition
2 Structural BiologyProgress
3 Structural biology-new goals
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 2 Nucleic Acid Structure Diversity
1 Structure of single-stranded nucleic acid molecules
2 Structure of double-stranded nucleic acid molecules
3 Structure of three-stranded nucleic acid molecules
4-branched triple-stranded nucleic acid complex
5 Structure of four-stranded nucleic acid molecules
6 Non-linear multi-branched structure
7 Polynucleotide right-handed helix: A and B
8 Z-DNA
9 Conformation of natural DNA
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 3 The structure of RNA
1 Structural differences between RNA and DNA
2 Structural features of RNA
3 Primary structure of RNA
4 RNA secondary structure
5 Tertiary structure of RNA
6 RNA Folding
7 Crystal Structure of RNA
8 Catalytic RNA
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 4 The structure of DNA
1 Primary structure of DNA
2 Secondary structure of DNA
3 tertiary structure of DNA
4 Four-stranded DNA structure
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 5 Nucleic Acid Function
1 Function of nucleic acid molecule as carrier of genetic information
2 ribozyme
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 6 Genomics
1 Human Genome Project
Preliminary analysis of 2 genome
3 Part of the genome research
4 Prospects for genomics research
5 Structural Genomics
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 7 The structures of proteins
1 Primary structure of protein molecule
2 Secondary structure of protein molecule
3 Tertiary structure of protein molecule
4 Quaternary structure of protein molecule
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 8 Protein Folding and Molecular Chaperones
1 New concept of protein and nascent peptide chain folding
2 Macromolecules that help protein and nascent peptides fold
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 9 The Second Genetic Code
1 first genetic code
2 Second genetic code
3 Significance of the study of the second genetic code in practical applications
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 10 Protein Misfolding and Diseases
1 "Quality Control" System in Cells to Ensure the Normal Function of Proteins
2 Diseases related to protein misfolding
3 How to treat diseases caused by protein misfolding
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 1l Protein Unfolding
1 Main research methods
2 Common methods to promote protein unfolding
3 Advances in protein unfolding
4 Application of mass spectrometry and fluorescence phase diagram in the study of protein unfolding
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 12. Structures and functions of proteins: some examplesl
1 superoxide dismutase
2 ATP synthase
3 DNA-dependent protein kinase
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 13 Proteomics
1 Postgenomics--Proteomics Research
2 The main means of proteomics research
3 A Complete Approach to Automated Proteome Analysis
4 Status and prospects of proteomics research
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 14 Protein Structure Prediction and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
1 Prediction of protein molecular structure
2 Prediction of protein secondary structure
3 Prediction of three-dimensional structure of protein
4 Protein molecular dynamics
5 Example of protein structure prediction
6 Prospect of protein structure prediction
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 15 X-ray diffraction methods (protein crystallography, X-ray diffraction methods)
1 Overview of X-ray crystal diffraction analysis
2 Crystal Growth and X-Ray Diffraction Data Collection
3 X-ray diffraction analysis
4 X-ray diffraction structure analysis example
5 Crystal structure expression
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 16 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology (NMR)
1 Nuclear Spin and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
2 multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance
3 Three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules determined by NMR
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 17 Electron microscopy three-dimensional structure ebuilding
1 Electron Microscope
2 Negative stain
3 Glucose embedding
4 Tannin embedding
5 Freezing method
6 Low-dose electron microscopy
7 Overview of 3D structure reconstruction
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 18 Mass Spectrometry
1 Biomass spectrometry
2 Application examples of biomass spectrometry
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 19 Microcalorimetry
1 Isothermal Titration Calorimetry
2 ITC application example
3 Differential scanning calorimetry
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 20 Fluorescence Spectrometry
1 fluorescence generation
2 Main spectral parameters obtained from fluorescence spectrum
3 Application of fluorescence method
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 21 Circular dichroism
21.1 Basic Principles
21.2 Circular Dichroism
21.3 Application of Circular Dichroism in Structural Biology
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 22 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
22.1 scanning tunneling microscope
22.2 Advantages of STM in Structural Biology
22.3 Application of STM in Structural Biology
22.4 Atomic Force Microscopy
summary
Thinking questions
Chapter 23 Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
23.1 Principles of SPR
23.2 BIAcore Technology Based on SPR
23.3 Applications of SPR Biosensor Technology
23.4 Some Problems in SPR Biosensor Technology
23.5 Improvements in SPR Biosensors
summary
Thinking questions
main reference
Statistics of Nobel Awards in Structural Biology Related Fields
Noun index
Title: Structural Biology: From Atom to Life
ISBN: 9787030363923
Author :( Sweden) A. Montreal Vegas, etc.
Publisher: Science Press
Price: 168
Pages: 480
Publication date: 2013-1-1
Edition: 1
Folio: 16
Packaging: Paperback
brief introduction:
This book focuses on biological functions and focuses on the three-dimensional atomic structure of biological macromolecules and their complexes. It comprehensively and profoundly analyzes the structural basis of important life activities and the molecular mechanisms elucidated from it. The content covers proteins and nucleic acids And basic structural information and knowledge of lipids and biofilms, from the transmission of genetic information DNA to RNA to proteins, to the production and extinction of gene product proteins, from various types of biological signal transduction, cell movement, material transport and interaction To the structural biology of the immune system and the structure and function of the virus, the system is in-depth, informative and informative. It is integrated with the latest research results and subject knowledge so far, showing the internal connection from the atomic structure of biological macromolecules to important life activities And rationale.
About the Author:
Professor A. Liergas is a well-known structural biologist in Sweden and a member of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He has taught and researched in Sweden's famous Uppsala University and Lund University for more than 40 years. ) The initiator and person in charge of the protein crystallography line station. He has focused on the structure and function of ribosomal proteins for many years, and is an academic authority in the field of ribosomal structure and function and protein in vivo translation.
table of Contents:
Chinese translation
Translator foreword and thanks
Foreword
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Basis of Protein Structure
Chapter III Structural Basis of Nucleic Acids
Chapter 4 Basics of Lipids and Membrane Structure
Chapter 5 Enzymes
Chapter 6 DNA Metabolism: Replication and Recombination
Chapter VII Transcription
Chapter 8 Synthesis of Proteins-Translation
Chapter 9: Folding and Degradation of Proteins
Chapter 10 Membrane Protein
Chapter XI Signaling
Chapter XII Cell Movement and Material Transport
Chapter 13 Structural Basis of Intercellular Interactions
Chapter 14 The Immune System
Chapter 15 Structure and Function of Viruses
Chapter 16 Structural Biology and the Evolution of Biological Macromolecules
Appendix I: Chemical Bonds and Energy Relations of Macromolecules
Appendix II: Comparison of folding types
Appendix III: Prediction of Protein Conformation
Appendix IV: Confirmation of Protein Function
Appendix V: Modification of Proteins
Appendix VI: Nobel Laureates in Structural Biology
Noun index

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