What Are the Different Types of Digital Image Processing Techniques?
Digital image processing (Digital Image Processing) is a method and technology for removing noise, enhancing, restoring, segmenting, and extracting features from an image using a computer. [1] The generation and rapid development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the establishment and improvement of discrete mathematical theory); Increased demand for applications in forestry, environment, military, industry and medicine. [2]
Digital image processing
(Computer Image Processing Technology)
- Digital Image Processing
- digital
- The equipment required for digital image processing includes cameras, digital image capture devices (including synchronization controllers, analog-to-digital converters, and frame memories), image processing computers, and image display terminals. The main processing tasks are completed by image processing software. In order to process images in real time, a very high calculation speed is required, which cannot be met by general-purpose computers, and a dedicated image processing system is required. This system is composed of many single processors, which are array processors, which operate in parallel to improve the real-time performance of processing. With the development of very large-scale integrated circuits, high-speed chips used for various processing algorithms, that is, special chips for image processing, will form a larger market.
- the main purpose
- Usually come
- Digital image processing tools can be divided into three major categories:
- The first category includes various orthogonal transforms and
- Images are the main source of information obtained and exchanged by humans. Therefore, the application of image processing must involve all aspects of human life and work. With the continuous expansion of human activities, the application areas of image processing will also continue to expand.
- 1) Aerospace and aviation
- Third generation since the 1960s
- 1. Good reproducibility The fundamental difference between digital image processing and analog image processing is that it will not cause image quality degradation due to a series of transformation operations such as image storage, transmission or copying. As long as the image accurately represents the original when digitized, digital image processing can always maintain the reproduction of the image.
- Array, which mainly depends on the capabilities of the image digitizer. Modern scanners can quantify the gray level of each pixel to 16 bits or higher, which means that the digital accuracy of the image can meet the needs of any application. To a computer, the processing procedure is almost the same regardless of the size of the array and the number of bits per pixel. In other words, in principle, no matter how high the accuracy of the image, processing can always be achieved, as long as the array parameters in the program are changed during processing. Recalling the analog processing of images, in order to improve the processing accuracy by an order of magnitude, it is necessary to greatly improve the processing device, which is extremely uneconomical.
- 3 Applicable surface-wide images can come from a variety of information sources. They can be visible light images or invisible spectral images (such as X-ray images, radiographic images, ultrasound images, or infrared images). From the perspective of the objective physical scale reflected by the image, it can be as small as an electron microscope image, or as large as an aerial photograph, a remote sensing image, or even an astronomical telescope image. As long as these images from different information sources are converted into digitally encoded form, they are all grayscale images represented by two-dimensional arrays (color images are also composed of grayscale images, for example, RGB images are composed of red, green, and blue Gray-scale images are combined), so they can be processed by computers. That is, as long as corresponding image information collection measures are taken for different image information sources, the digital processing method of the image is applicable to any kind of image.
- 4 High flexibility Image processing can be divided into three parts: image quality improvement, image analysis, and image reconstruction. Each part contains rich content. Since the optical processing of images can only perform linear operations in principle, this greatly limits the goals that optical image processing can achieve. And digital image processing can not only complete linear operations, but also non-linear processing, that is, all operations that can be expressed by mathematical formulas or logical relationships can be implemented by digital image processing.