What is industrial ergonomics?
Industrial ergonomics is an area of ergonomics aimed at studying and interacting with work and workplaces, as well as the application of this knowledge to improve efficiency and safety. This field includes design of physical objects such as tools, workstations and layouts and workplace design as a whole. It also includes fewer specific areas such as workflows and organizational structures. In this context, the industrial part is often used in a broader sense of the word to mean work in general, and therefore industrial ergonomics can include any form of work. It seems that the name is not limited to production. It includes knowledge of many areas such as psychology, human biology and engineering. The injury of the job is often the result of Sudden events such as non -functional machines, but about muscle and skeleton damage, which over time accumulates from factors such as posture, excessive muscle exexation and recurring movement. Seemingly small factors in the navrHiding and operation of tools can be significant.
For example, if the hand tool is too heavy or has unpleasant grip, it can cause injury by stimulating workers to keep it bent, which is physically stressful than maintaining a straight wrist. Frequent exposure to vibration can cause damage to musculoskeletal. The shape of the handle or adhesion of the tool can be dangerous if it exerts too much pressure on the fingers or palms of the user. Work gloves that are too tight can cause damage to the wearer, while gloves that are too free can make it difficult to preserve the tools. The workspace that requires workers to stand with the spine bending, often bending or turning, or remaining sitting or standing in the same position for a long time can cause muscle tension or other tension on the spine.
Better understanding of industrial ergonomiIt can also significantly alleviate these problems by helping the design of tools that are safer. Simple changes in the workflow, such as how the worker stands in running the tool, how often they change positions or raise heavy objects can have significant health effects. Even among workers who do not perform extensive physical work, they can change factors such as chairs and tables that support good posture.
The idea of designing tools and work areas for more efficient work with its human users is probably as old as the human instrument itself. Structures and tools from classical Greece and ancient Egypt show a relatively sophisticated understanding of what would now be considered the principles of ergonomics. The first known written texts on the design of the Acopy is in Greek and a date from the 5th century BC.
In 1700, the doctor was written by Bernardino Ramazzini de morbis artificum DIATRIB or He has woven the health risks in the workplace in 52 different occupations. In addition to studying external health hazards, such as toxic materials and smoke, Ramazzini helped lay the foundations for future development in ergonomic design by paying attention to injuries caused by factors such as embarrassing posture and recurring movement. A study of ergonomics as a scientific discipline was further advanced in the 19th century by the work of characters, such as biologist Wojciech Jastrzebowski, who created the word ergonomics, and engineer Frederick Winslow Taylor, a pioneer in scientific proceedings.