What Is the Best Degree for an Air Traffic Controller?

These regulations are one of a series of civil aviation regulations recently re-issued by the Ministry of Transport. They were issued on April 21, 2016, and came into effect on May 22, 2016.

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules

(Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 46 of 2016)

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Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 46 of 2016

The "Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules" was adopted by the 8th Ministerial Meeting on April 14, 2016, and is now promulgated for implementation from May 22, 2016.

Yang Chuandang

April 21, 2016

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules Chapter 1 General

The first is to regulate the training of civil air traffic control personnel and strengthen the management of civil air traffic control training. According to the Civil Aviation Law of the People's Republic of China and the Basic Rules of the People's Republic of China for Flight, the The actual situation, formulate this rule.
Article 2 These rules apply to professionals and institutions engaged in civil aviation air traffic control work and air traffic control training. Each civil aviation air traffic control unit (hereinafter referred to as the control unit) and civil aviation air traffic control training institution (hereinafter referred to as the regulatory training institution) shall, in accordance with these rules, combine the actual situation and needs to formulate corresponding training and management implementation measures.
Regulatory training institutions refer to qualified institutions for basic training and other air traffic control training institutions.
Article 3 Civil aviation air traffic control training (hereinafter referred to as control training) is divided into basic control training (hereinafter referred to as basic training) and control post training (hereinafter referred to as post training).
Basic training is to provide trainees with the basic regulatory knowledge and basic regulatory skills to conduct regulatory work, and initial training at qualified regulatory training institutions. Basic training includes regulatory basic professional training and regulatory basic simulator training.
On-the-job training is training conducted in the control unit in order to make the trainees adapt to the professional technical knowledge and professional skills required by the post. On-the-job training includes qualification training, equipment training, proficiency training, refresher training, additional training, supplementary training and additional training.
The regulatory training program was formulated by the China Civil Aviation Administration (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Aviation Administration). Each regulatory unit and regulatory training institution shall formulate a training plan and organize its implementation in accordance with the regulatory training outline formulated by the Civil Aviation Administration and the specific categories and contents of the training.
Article 4 The applicant for an air traffic controller license shall complete the basic professional training and qualification training for control in accordance with the requirements of the Civil Aviation Air Traffic Controller License Management Rules.
The air traffic controller license holder who applies for adding or changing the license endorsement shall complete the basic training and qualification training of the corresponding category before applying.
Air traffic controller license holders applying for special skills or endorsement of work place should complete the corresponding post training according to the content of the endorsement before applying.
The air traffic controller license holder shall complete equipment training, proficiency training, refresher training, additional training, and supplementary training in accordance with these rules to meet the experience requirements specified in the Civil Aviation Air Traffic Controller License Management Rules.
Article 5 The Civil Aviation Administration is responsible for the unified management of civil aviation air traffic control training work. The Civil Aviation Regional Administration is responsible for coordinating, supervising and managing civil aviation air traffic control training.
Article 6 Control training institutions are responsible for the development of basic training.
Each control unit is specifically responsible for the development of training in the control posts of the unit.
Article 7 For the meaning of some terms used in these rules, please refer to Annex I to these rules.

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules Chapter II Organization and Implementation of Training

Section 1 Organization and Implementation of Basic Training

Article 8 The regulatory training institution shall be designated by the Civil Aviation Administration and meet the following conditions:
(1) Have a sound training management system. Including student management system, teacher management system, teaching management and assessment system, teaching facility and equipment management system and file management system;
(2) Having full-time management personnel and teaching personnel suitable for the type and scale of training;
(3) It has fixed sites and facilities that meet the requirements for the type and scale of training;
(4) Having teaching and simulation equipment suitable for the type and scale of training;
(5) Having training materials for regulation that meet the requirements of the training outline;
(6) It has an effective quality management system for regulatory training.
Article 9 Teachers engaged in basic training shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Dedicated to work, strong sense of responsibility, willing to teach, objective and fair evaluation of trainees' performance;
(2) Good at summarizing and generalizing ATC knowledge and skills, and have good communication, organization, coordination and language skills;
(3) Possessing the skills and abilities of theory and simulator teaching;
(4) Holding a civil aviation air traffic controller license;
(5) Work in controlled positions or in auxiliary training positions for more than one year.
Article 10 Basic training instructors shall be uniformly appointed and managed by regulated training institutions. The regulatory training institution shall promptly report the appointment of trainers to the Civil Aviation Administration and the local civil aviation regional administration for the record.
Article 11 The duties of basic training instructors are as follows:
(1) Training in accordance with the syllabus and being responsible for the quality of teaching;
(2) imparting the control knowledge and skills required for the type of training to the trainees;
(3) Evaluation of trainees in a timely manner, pointing out deficiencies and putting forward suggestions for improvement;
(4) Fill in teaching records after each teaching activity;
(5) Analyze and research the teaching effect, and put forward suggestions for improving teaching.
Article 12 The rights of basic training instructors are as follows:
(1) Submit training suggestions to training institutions according to the training situation;
(2) Participate in training enhancement organized by training institutions;
(3) Making decisions on passing, suspending, or terminating trainees based on their training.
Article 13 The development of basic training shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Carry out training in accordance with the requirements of the Civil Aviation Administration and formulate corresponding training plans;
(2) Carrying out training in accordance with the required types and training outlines;
(3) Examine the trainees in accordance with the standards specified in the training outline;
(4) to analyze and evaluate the completed training work in a timely manner, put forward suggestions for improving the training work, and revise the training plan;
(5) using simulation training equipment that conforms to industry standards;
(6) Keep training records in accordance with regulations.
Article 14 Training institutions shall issue basic training qualification certificates to trainees who have completed training and passed examinations.
The content of the basic training certificate includes the training certificate number, the name of the trainee, photos, ID number, training type, training time, and seal of the training unit, etc. For details, see Appendix 2.
The training institution shall promptly report the issuance of the basic training certificate to the Civil Aviation Administration and the local civil aviation regional administration for the record. The issue of basic training qualification certificates should be easy for the civil aviation regional administrations and control units to check.
Article 15 After completing the training, the training institution shall properly keep the basic training records.
Basic training training types, teaching plans, training time, trainer list, trainee list, trainee training, examination, assessment, evaluation and other records, as well as records of certification and other records shall be kept permanently.

Organization and implementation of post training

Article 16 The job training responsibilities of the regulatory unit are as follows:
(1) to formulate post training plans for the control unit, modify and supplement them in a timely manner, and organize implementation;
(2) to formulate training programs of the control unit in accordance with regulations and job training plans, and modify and supplement them in a timely manner;
(3) Organizing the compilation of training materials for control positions applicable to the control unit;
(4) Selecting, hiring and training post-training instructors of the control unit, and forming training groups;
(5) Make a decision on the trainees to end training, additional training, suspend training, continue training or terminate training according to the recommendations of the training group;
(6) Supervise and inspect the implementation of the training plan of the control unit.
Article 17 Control units shall meet the following requirements for on-the-job training:
(1) Have a sound training management system. Including trainee management system, post training instructor management system, training management and assessment system, quality management system, training facility equipment management system and training record management system;
(2) There are designated departments or personnel responsible for the job training of the control unit;
(3) having post-training instructors appropriate to the type of post-training and number of trainees;
(4) It has sites, facilities and equipment that meet the requirements for the type and scale of post training;
(5) Have post training materials that meet the requirements of the training program.
Article 18 Post-training instructors shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Dedicated to the job, strong sense of responsibility, and able to objectively evaluate the performance of the trainee;
(2) Holding a valid air traffic controller license and having more than 5 years of air traffic control work experience;
(3) Worked in a controlled position related to teaching content for more than 2 years;
(4) Have good organization, coordination and language skills;
(5) Proficient in business skills. Prior to this, there have been no serious errors (including) or more for 3 years.
Article 19 The post-training instructors of the control unit shall be employed by the unit and reported to the Civil Aviation Regional Administration for the record.
If the instructor no longer meets the appointment requirements or cannot perform the duties of the instructor properly, the original employing unit shall be dismissed in time and reported to the regional administration for the record.
Article 20 The instructor on-the-job training of simulators shall have the skills and ability to teach simulators, and shall pass the training and assessment organized by the Civil Aviation Administration or the Regional Administration.
Article 21 The duties of a post-training instructor are as follows:
(1) imparting the control knowledge and skills to the trainees;
(2) to provide continuous guidance and supervision to the work of the trainees during the training period, and to be responsible for their correctness;
(3) Training in accordance with the training outline and being responsible for the quality of the training;
(4) Comment on trainees in a timely manner, point out deficiencies and propose improvement measures, and fill out training records in a timely manner;
(5) Carry out work skills inspection and qualification inspection in a timely manner, and fill in the "Training / Assessment Report Form" in Annex III to these rules after each field operation and simulation training of the airport, approach, and area controllers;
(6) Suggestions for trainee controllers who have expired to continue traineeships or become formal controllers;
(7) Correct the control instructions issued by trainees or the contents of coordination and transfer.
Article 22 Post trainers have the following rights:
(1) Make recommendations to trainees to add, continue and terminate training according to the training situation;
(2) Examine the trainees in accordance with regulations;
(3) Participate in further training of teachers.
Article 23 During the on-the-job training period, the trainee shall not issue control instructions, conduct controlled transfer or operate various equipment without the permission of the instructor.
If the trainee violates the regulations during the on-the-job training, leading to an accident or an accident, the unit to which he / she belongs shall extend its training time or terminate its on-site training according to the severity of the situation.
Article 24 The post training shall meet the following requirements:
(1) formulate corresponding job training plans in accordance with regulations;
(2) Carrying out training according to the type of training and training outline;
(3) Examine the trainees in accordance with the standards specified in the training outline;
(4) to analyze, research and evaluate the completed training work in a timely manner, and put forward suggestions for improving the training work;
(5) using simulation training equipment that conforms to industry standards;
(6) Reporting annual job training in accordance with regulations;
(7) Keep training records in accordance with regulations.
Article 25 The controlling unit shall report the completion of the training for the current year and the post training plan for the next year to the regional administration before the end of each year. The regional administration shall report to the CAAC in January each year the completion of the previous year's training in the region and the overall status of the post training arrangements for the current year.
Where multiple control units within the jurisdiction of the same regional administration have a unified management agency, they shall submit a unified report.
Article 26 Post training shall be implemented as planned under the leadership of the training supervisor.
Article 27 A training group shall be established for each training. When conducting qualification training, there can only be one trainee in each training group; in other training, there can be multiple trainees in each training group; in simulation and field operations, each trainee should have one corresponding On-the-job training instructors supervise and guide.
Article 28 The training supervisor of the control unit shall formulate a training plan for each trainee, including the following:
(1) training requirements and estimated completion time;
(2) training objectives and content;
(3) the duties of the training team;
(4) Matters needing attention of trainees.
Article 29 The post-training instructors of the training group shall prepare training materials and detailed training arrangements according to the training plan, and report them to the training supervisor of the control unit.
Article 30 In the course of on-the-job training, the training supervisor of the control unit shall pay attention to the progress of training at all times and do the following:
(1) to make a decision on the suggestions of the trainers of the training group;
(2) Strengthen the continuous guidance and supervision of the training process, and find out and solve the problem with the training team in time;
(3) Investigate the work and training situation of on-the-job trainers, and promptly remove incompetent trainers.
Article 31 During the training process and after the training, the training supervisor of the control unit shall check the working skills of the trainees, and fill in the Job Training Evaluation Report Form in Annex V of these Rules.
Article 32 Post training inspection methods may take the form of written tests, verbal questions, simulations, and field operations.
Article 33 The work of inspectors involved in the post training and inspection process shall be performed in accordance with the Administrative Measures for Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Inspectors; the inspection of licenses shall be performed in accordance with the Civil Aviation Air Traffic Controller Inspector Management Rules .
Article 34 After the training is completed, the trainee's control unit shall properly keep a record of each trainee's post training.
On-the-job training training plan, training content, on-the-job trainer, training status, examination assessment, evaluation, training conclusions and other records shall be kept for at least 10 years. The records shall include the Training / Assessment Report Form in Annex III to this rule, the Schedule for Implementation of Post Training in Annex 4 and the Report for Post Training Evaluation in Annex V.
Article 35 The controlling unit shall issue training certificates for the controlling personnel of the unit when applying for a license or registering for a license.

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules Chapter III Basic Training

Article 36 Basic regulatory professional training is training for the trainees to understand and master the basic knowledge and basic skills for performing regulatory work. It is a prerequisite for entry training and obtaining a controller license.
Regulatory basic simulator training is a training for the trainees to master the basic knowledge and basic skills for engaging in specific types of regulatory work, and is a prerequisite for increasing the endorsement of specific types of regulatory licenses. Regulatory basic simulator training includes radar regulatory basic simulator training and other regulatory basic simulator training.
Article 37 Basic training shall be conducted in accordance with the prescribed training outline.
Regulatory basic professional training should complete at least 800 hours of study in a period of not less than one year. Regulatory basic professional training can be completed during academic education. If qualified trainees in relevant professional training such as aeronautical information and dispatching transfer to the control major, the basic control training time may be appropriately reduced, but it shall not be less than 200 hours.
Radar control basic simulator training should complete at least 240 hours of learning in no less than 2 months, and each control seat must be on board for at least 60 hours. The training time for other basic control simulators shall be determined separately by the Civil Aviation Administration. Control basic simulator training can be completed after the trainee enters the control unit or during academic education.
Article 38 Trainees participating in the basic professional training in regulation shall meet the following conditions:
(1) possessing the physical conditions for performing regulatory work;
(2) studying or graduating from a university;
(3) Having the psychological quality and ability to engage in regulatory work;
(4) Able to read, listen, speak and write Chinese correctly, with clear speaking, without affecting the stuttering and accent of two-way radio calls;
(5) Have a certain level of English.
Article 39 When conducting on-machine training for the control of basic simulator training, the ratio of basic training instructors to trainees shall not be less than one-half.

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules Chapter IV Post Training

Section I General Provisions

Article 40 The purpose of post training is to enable trainees to acquire the ability and qualifications to work in air traffic control positions. Trainees can participate in on-the-job training only after completing basic professional training in control.
Article 41 Post training shall be conducted in accordance with the corresponding post training outline.
Article 42 Post training methods usually include three parts: classroom teaching, simulation operation and post implementation.
On-the-job training is the responsibility of the training supervisor of the regulatory unit. The training supervisor of the regulatory unit shall formulate the corresponding job training implementation plan in accordance with the Timetable for the Implementation of Job Training in Annex IV to these Rules, and complete the Evaluation Report Form for Job Training Situation in Annex V to these Rules after the completion of job training.

Section II Qualification Training

Article 43 Qualification training is to provide the trainees with the ability to work in controlled positions and obtain training for independent job qualifications. Qualification training shall not be less than 1,000 hours.
Article 44 Prior to the qualification training for radar control positions, the trainees shall be trained in basic radar control simulators that meet the requirements and pass the assessment to obtain a training certificate.
Article 45 Qualification training shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures of the "Flowchart of Qualification Training" in Annex 6 of these Rules.

Section III Equipment Training

Article 46 Equipment training is training to equip trainees with the ability to use newly installed, previously unused, or changed air traffic control equipment.
Article 47 The target of equipment training is every controller and trainee controller who has the qualifications for the relevant control positions and uses the equipment.
Article 48 The trainee has the corresponding equipment use ability without equipment training, and may not use newly installed, previously unused or changed air traffic control equipment.
Article 49 The content of equipment training includes: the basic working principle and composition of the equipment, functions and correct operating methods, as well as precautions and prohibitive regulations for use.
Article 50 The length of equipment training time may be determined by the control unit based on the principle of the equipment and the complexity of the operation.

Section 4 Proficiency Training

Article 51 Proficient training refers to the training that a trainee must receive before resuming work in a controlled position after working out of the controlled position for a certain period of time. Proficiency training should meet the following requirements:
(1) For those who leave the post for less than 90 days continuously, the training supervisor of the control unit shall determine whether they need to be proficient in training and the training time. If the training supervisor decides to be exempt from on-the-job proficiency training, he should be familiar with the relevant materials, procedures and rules issued and modified during this period;
(2) Those who have left the post continuously for more than 90 days and less than 180 days shall be trained for no less than 40 hours under the supervision of a post training instructor;
(3) Those who have been separated from their posts for more than 180 days and less than 1 year shall be trained for no less than 60 hours under the supervision of a post training instructor;
(4) Those who have been separated from the post for more than one year shall be trained for no less than 100 hours under the supervision of the post teacher.
Article 52 The content of proficiency training includes:
(1) Knowing the laws and regulations issued during the period of leaving the post;
(2) to master changes in the rules of procedure of the control unit;
(3) Familiar with regulated working environment;
(4) Restore control knowledge and skills.

Section 5 Review Training

Article 53 The refresher training is to make air traffic controllers proficient in the knowledge and skills they should have, provide control services under high flow and complex meteorological conditions, and be able to handle equipment failures and unexpected aircraft failures encountered during work Training under normal circumstances.
Article 54 The air traffic controller shall conduct refresher training and assessment at least once a year. The training time for airport, approach and area controller simulators is not less than 40 hours. On the basis of satisfying 40 hours of radar control simulator training, the controller of the control unit implementing radar control can appropriately reduce the training time of the program control simulator based on actual conditions, but it must not be less than 20 hours.
Article 55 The refresher training includes training in air traffic control knowledge and skills under normal and abnormal conditions. Air traffic control knowledge and skills training under abnormal conditions at airports, approaches, and regional controllers should include at least the following:
(1) Abnormal conditions during the operation of the aircraft:
1. Aircraft radio failure;
2. Aircraft cabin pressure loss;
3. The aircraft was hijacked;
4. Aircraft flight capability is impaired;
5. Aircraft fire in the air;
6. Airborne oil discharge from aircraft;
7. Aircraft trek.
(2) Abnormal situations during the operation of air traffic control equipment:
1. Secondary radar failure, replace primary radar with primary radar;
2. All radars are disabled, and the radar control is switched to program control;
3. Other equipment is malfunctioning.
Article 56 The review training of flight service and operation monitoring controllers shall be determined by the controller's unit.

Section 6 Additional Training

Article 57 Additional training is training to familiarize controllers with new or modified procedures and rules before the implementation of new or modified procedures or rules. The training supervisor of the regulatory unit shall determine the training content and the required time according to the degree of changes in procedures and rules.
Article 58 The following methods shall be adopted for additional training:
(1) organize relevant personnel to study and conduct examinations;
(2) conducting simulation training to ensure that new or modified procedures and rules are correctly grasped;
(3) Conduct post drills in a timely manner.
Simulated training and post drills should be conducted after organizational theory learning.
Article 59 When additional training needs to be jointly conducted by two or more units, the organization unit and the person in charge shall be clearly defined.

Section VII Tuition Training

Article 60 Tutoring training refers to training for correcting defects in controllers' work skills. The tutoring training is organized and implemented by the supervisor of the control unit according to the situation.
Article 61 The following methods shall be used for supplementary training:
(1) Organize trainees to study relevant documents, regulations, procedures, and conduct examinations;
(2) Organize simulation training and conduct examinations.
Article 62 If a controller has undergone remedial training and failed to pass the remedial training examination, the control unit shall suspend the controller from working in his post.

Section VIII Additional Training

Article 63 "Additional training" refers to the training that should not be passed in accordance with the provisions of Sections 2 to 7 of this chapter because of the trainee's own reasons and should be increased.
Article 64 The additional training time is one quarter to one third of the estimated training time. The supplementary training for each type of training shall not exceed two consecutive times, otherwise the controlling unit shall terminate the training, suspend the controller's work in his post, and re-train corresponding training. The results of the additional training shall be recorded in the "Job Training Evaluation Report Form" in Annex V of this rule.

Chapter V Supervision and Inspection of Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules

Article 65 The contents of supervision and inspection of basic training by the Civil Aviation Regional Administration include:
(1) Whether to carry out basic training according to the prescribed types;
(2) Whether it meets the requirements that a basic training institution should have;
(3) Whether the appointment and management of teachers meet the requirements;
(4) The development of training plans, examinations, and record keeping;
(5) Whether the selection of students for professional basic training, simulation equipment, teaching content, and the ratio of trainees to trainees meet the requirements;
(6) Whether the issuance and management of basic training qualification certificates meet the requirements.
Article 66 The contents of supervision and inspection of post training by the Civil Aviation Regional Administration include:
(1) Whether the duties of job training have been properly performed;
(2) Whether it has the necessary conditions to carry out the corresponding post training;
(3) Appointment, management and performance of faculty members;
(4) The development of training plans, examinations, and record keeping;
(5) Organization and implementation of job training.
Article 67 The supervision and inspection by the Civil Aviation Regional Administration may be conducted by on-site inspections, spot checks on training records and archives, request for written reports, and soliciting opinions from trainees and teachers.

Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules Chapter VI Legal Liability

Article 68 If a regulatory training institution violates the provisions of these rules, in one of the following circumstances, the CAAC will order a correction within a time limit and impose a warning; if the circumstances are serious or it has not been corrected within the time limit, the unit shall be punished by 10,000 yuan or more and 30,000 yuan. Fines below:
(1) Failure to carry out training activities in accordance with the prescribed categories;
(2) Failure to establish a teacher management system, implementation of teacher appointment, or management that does not meet the requirements;
(3) Failure to formulate a training plan, implement an examination, or keep records;
(4) Screening of students for professional basic training, simulation equipment, teaching content, and ratio of trainees to trainees that do not meet the requirements.
Article 69 If a control unit that organizes post training violates one of the following conditions in the rules, the Civil Aviation Regional Administration shall order correction within a time limit and issue a warning; if the circumstances are serious or uncorrected within the time limit, the unit shall be punished with 10,000 yuan Fines above 30,000 yuan:
(1) Failure to perform the duties of job training correctly;
(2) Those who do not meet the requirements for conducting corresponding post training;
(3) The use and management of teachers does not meet the requirements;
(4) Failure to formulate a training plan or to record the situation of teachers;
(5) Failure to organize the implementation of on-the-job training, examinations or examinations or to keep relevant records as required.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions of Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Training Management Rules

Article 70 These rules shall come into effect on May 22, 2016. The Regulations on Training Management of Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control Posts promulgated on August 1, 1998 (CAAC Order No. 79) was repealed simultaneously. ^[1]