What Are Polyps?

Polyp (polyp) refers to the neoplasms that grow on the surface of human tissues. Modern medicine usually refers to the neoplasms growing on the surface of human mucosa collectively as polyps, including proliferative, inflammatory, hamartoma, adenoma, and other tumors . Polyps are a type of benign tumors. Clinical manifestations are more common in inflammatory polyps, adenoma polyps and certain gastrointestinal polyp syndromes. Although these lesions are benign, some of them have a tendency to malignant changes. Cysts growing in the skin, lipomas in adipose tissue, and fibroids in muscles can also cause body surface bulges, but they are not in the category of polyps. Medically, it is named after the place where it appears. For example, the vocal cords are called "vocal cord polyps", they appear on the stomach wall as "gastric polyps", the intestinal cavity is called "intestinal polyps", and so on. If there are more than two polyps in a certain part, it is also called "multiple polyps".

Basic Information

English name

polyp

Visiting department

Oncology

Common locations

Human mucosal surface

Common causes

Unclear, may be related to chronic stimuli and genetic factors

Causes of polyps

The cause has not been identified so far, and may be related to chronic stimuli and genetic factors:

Chronic stimulation

Includes diet, mechanical and inflammatory stimuli. Special irritation due to changes in eating habits and changes in the nature of stool; or irritation of intestinal diseases such as dysentery, ulcerative colitis, schistosomiasis, tsutsugamushi, and chronic constipation, dry stool, etc. And onset.

2. Gene mutations and genetic factors

It is generally believed that polyp formation is closely related to genetic mutations and genetic factors. Current research indicates that mutant genes can be passed on from parents to offspring.

Common Diseases of Polyps

Tumor polyps, intestinal polyps, uterine polyps, cervical polyps, larynx polyps, nasal polyps, large intestinal polyps, gastric polyps, colon polyps, gallbladder polyps, etc.

Differential diagnosis of polyps

The main basis of differential diagnosis is pathological examination. The main clinical identifications include:

Number of lesions

2. Morphology of the lesion

3. Where the lesion occurs

In clinical work, it should be distinguished from other lesions of the upper abdomen, including duodenal ulcers, intrahepatic and external bile duct stones, chronic pancreatitis and hepatitis.

Polyp check

1. Check the digestive tract polyps as follows

Barium meal, barium enema; endoscope; pathology.

2. Cervical polyps are checked as follows

Gynecological examination; Cervical scraping showed Pap grade II; Cervical biopsy.

3. Nasal polyps for nasal endoscopy and X-ray sinus radiographs, pathological biopsy if necessary.

Polyp Treatment Principles

Removal of polyps by endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) is a very effective measure to prevent cancer. The current methods of endoscopic treatment of polyps include: high frequency electrocoagulation resection, high frequency electrocautery, laser treatment, microwave treatment, cryotherapy and so on.