What Causes a Ganglion Cyst?

Epidermal cysts were officially named by Crichey in 1928. Unlike middle ear cholesteatoma, it is not formed by epithelial shedding caused by repeated inflammation, but it occurs congenitally. If the ectopic tissue occurs early in the embryo (that is, when the sulcus is closed), the cyst is mostly located in the midline; if it occurs in the late stage (second stage of cerebral vesicle formation), the cyst is mostly located laterally. A small number of epidermal cysts can be caused by trauma. Epidermal cysts can be formed by implanting epithelial tissue into the skull through experimental injuries. Intracranial epidermal cysts are also known as epidermoid cysts, intraepithelial neoplasias, intracerebral pearloma, and intracerebral true cholesteatoma. They originate in the ectodermal tissue of ectopic embryonic residual tissues. The result of bringing the watch in.

Epidermal cyst

Epidermal cysts were officially named by Crichey in 1928. It with

Epidermoid cysts can be seen at any age from newborn to 80 years old. It is reported that more than 70% of them are 20-50 years old, and the peak age is 30-40 years old. This cyst is rare, generally accounting for 0.5% to 1.8% of intracranial tumors, up to 2.2% in Japan, slightly more men than women, the male to female ratio is 1.25: 1.

Epidermoid cysts originate from the ectodermal tissue of the ectopic embryo residual tissue, which is a secondary

Most of the cysts are solitary or multiple. Occasionally with dermatoid cysts and congenital malformations or abnormalities, such as hidden sinuses behind the ear, spina bifida, etc. Intracranial epidermoid cysts can be located in the epidural subdural subarachnoid space, brain parenchyma, and

1. The course of the disease is many years to decades. The cause of the disease is slow growth. Although the tumor is large and even involves more than one lobe, its clinical symptoms can still be very slight. Therefore, it has been reported that the average time from the onset of symptoms to the consultation was 16 years. In recent years, it has been reported that the average time is 5 years. About 70% of patients have a disease course of more than 3 years.

2. Complicated malformations The disease can be accompanied by skin fistula,

Common postoperative complications of epidermoid cysts are:

1. Sterile meningitis and ventriculitis are the most common postoperative complications of epidermoid cysts, which are mainly caused by tumor contents entering the subarachnoid space or intracerebroventricularly stimulating brain tissue, and their incidence is 10% 40. % Most patients occurred within 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. Early surgery and total tumor resection with microsurgery are the fundamental measures to prevent this complication.

According to the age of onset,

Epidermoid cysts in different parts need to be distinguished from different tumors.

1. Primary trigeminal neuralgia pontine cerebellar horn epidermoid cysts are of the simple trigeminal neuralgia type and need to be distinguished from primary trigeminal neuralgia. Primary trigeminal neuralgia is older and more typical CT scans are more helpful for identification.

2. Other pontine cerebellar horn tumors (auditory neuroma meningiomas) Acoustic neuroma is often the first symptom of hearing impairment, while meningiomas are mainly manifested by increased intracranial pressure. Differential cysts are distinguished from pontine cerebellar horn acoustic neuromas or meningioma. CT or MRI alone is difficult for clinical examination alone.

3. Trigeminal nerve meningeal schwannoma epidermoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa need to be distinguished from it. The trigeminal nerve meningeal schwannoma of the cranial base can be seen with enlarged oval holes and CT manifestations as uniformly enhanced lesions.

4.

Laboratory inspection:

Cerebrospinal fluid examination cerebral pressure can slightly increase a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid protein content, moderate increase in most patients

The disease is based on surgical resection. Get a total resection, because the cyst capsule is the most actively growing part. For those cysts with light adhesion to surrounding tissues, especially those in the fourth ventricle, total resection is expected. For those with severe adhesion of cysts to blood vessels and other important structures, many authors believe that a complete resection, unless wise, does not need to take a great risk, leaving a part of the cyst wall. However, the contents of the cysts should be removed and the surrounding brain tissues should be protected to avoid overflow. Repeated rinsing with normal saline to prevent and reduce the occurrence of postoperative meningitis. These patients generally have a long-term remission after surgery and no longer cause symptoms during their lifetime. The cysts in the skull plates grow slowly and are small, and they should be completely removed for those who continue to grow and have pain. These cysts are occasionally malignant. About 40% of epidermoid cysts can be complicated by cyst contents (cholesterol and fatty acids)

Prognosis

Epidermoid cysts are benign tumors, and generally recover well after surgery. If the tumor can be resected, the recurrence is relatively late, which can be extended to several years or even decades. The prevention and management of postoperative complications is the key link to reduce mortality and disability. The operative mortality of cysts was as high as 70% in the first half of the 20th century. In recent years, with the advancement of modern technology and more willingness to perform subtotal cystectomy, the actual operative mortality has hardly existed.

prevention

No special.