What Is Endocervical Adenocarcinoma?

Also known as "piloma". It is produced by epidermal hair mother cells and contains basophils and shadow cells. This tumor occurs at any age. The lesions are in the deep or lower layer of the dermis, with cysts composed of connective tissue. In the early stage, there are many basophils damaged. In the later stage, they are mainly shadow cells. Calcium deposits often appear in shadow cells. The damage is a single subcutaneous cartilage-like hard mass with a round shape and clear borders. The surface skin can be normal or slightly dark-brown pigmentation, which is removed by surgery.

Also known as "piloma". It is produced by epidermal hair mother cells and contains basophils and shadow cells. This tumor occurs at any age. The lesions are in the deep or lower layer of the dermis, with cysts composed of connective tissue. In the early stage, there are many basophils damaged. In the later stage, they are mainly shadow cells. Calcium deposits often appear in shadow cells. The damage is a single subcutaneous cartilage-like hard mass with a round shape and clear borders. The surface skin can be normal or slightly dark-brown pigmentation, which is removed by surgery.

Chinese name

Calcifying epithelioma

Foreign name

calcified epithelioma

Cervical adenocarcinoma I. Causes:

Calcified epithelioma was first reported and named by Malherbe in 1880. In 1961, Forbis and Lhelwig named it hairy tumor, which is thought to originate from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. -Cyclin, APC gene, bcl-2 gene and Wingless pathway are closely related to hair follicle development and growth cycle. Studies have shown that these genes and signal transduction are important causes of calcified epithelium.

Cervical adenocarcinoma II. Differential diagnosis:

(1) The lesions originate from the hair follicles, so the skin covering the hair can be made. The author's research cases are mostly located in the head, neck, and face, which is consistent with the multiple head and neck face reports in the literature. All the cases in this group were located in the subcutaneous fat layer immediately adjacent to the skin, suggesting that the lesions were located in the subdermal layer and subcutaneous fat layer, corresponding to the tissue originating from the dermis to the subcutaneous fat layer.

(2) Pathological calcification and ossification are the characteristics of calcified epithelioma. In Hwang's research, the punctate strong echo and sound in calcified epithelioma ultrasound images correspond to pathological calcification and ossification. In this group of lesions, all of the lesions showed calcification in different degrees. The characteristics of calcification were consistent with those reported by Choo. Most of them were spot-like strong echoes, and there were no obvious sound shadows in the rear. Other reports also show superficially curved or linear calcifications. Kaddu et al. Believe that calcified epithelioma will eventually calcify and / or ossify to form nodules without epithelial components and stop developing. Therefore, it is inferred that as the disease progresses, the degree of calcification suggested by the ultrasound examination will increase.

(3) The ultrasound showed that the tumors were mostly oval-shaped, with clear boundaries, and a complete low-echo halo ring was seen in some peripheral areas. This hypoechoic halo is histologically suggested by the connective tissue sheath of the tumor. Hyperechoic echoes are seen around some tumors, which may be caused by tumor-induced foreign body inflammatory response around the tumor. No hyperechoic associated with this inflammatory response has been found around the tumor in this group of cases.

Color Doppler blood flow imaging: The number of cases showing blood flow signals in and around the lesions in this group is similar to the number of cases not showing blood flow signals. Histologically, blood vessels are distributed in the interstitial region of the cell island. Worstman's study cases showed abundant blood flow in the tumor, with a maximum flow rate of 24 cm / s.