What is the horizontal transmission?

Horizontal transmission is a term used to describe one way the disease passes from one organism to another. It is specific to infectious diseases and basically describes the movement of pathogen from one organism to another through direct or indirect contact. Horizontal transmission and vertical transmission are two ways to infect.

Infectious diseases are usually caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi. Another, less common cause is prions, for example in the case of Mad Cow or Creutzfeld-Jakob (CJD). All these pathogens need the ability to jump from one person to another to multiply.

More frequent than vertical transmission is horizontal transmission. The vertical transmission only covers cases where the parent transmits the disease to their child by reproducing. The child can be infected during their time in the womb, during the work process from the vaginal wall or breast milk. Father can pass your child's genetic diumce through vertical transmission but not an infectious diseaseand.

All other cases of transmission of infectious diseases from a person to a person are caused by horizontal transmission. It is also possible to horizontal transmission from animal to humans, and vice versa, and sometimes one can infect the disease from an animal host that is not adversely affected by the disease it carries. The horizontal way of transmission can be indirect or direct.

Direct transmission occurs when the infection moves from one person to another without using a temporary step. Direct contact examples include touch, kissing and sexual intercourse. Although some pathogens spread through the air from one person to the other, they technically use air between them as an indirect step, the airy transmission is also considered a live transmission.

Infection that a person lifts down the touched surfaces of Ching is indirectly transmitted. The definition of indirect contact includes air diseases that lands on the surface where the Zach's infection isYcena. The object that is contaminated is known as the FOMIT. Food or water diseases are other examples of transmission of indirect diseases.

Another way of indirect transmission is the vector. The vector is a living thing unlike an inanimate object. The vector lifts the disease from one person and indirectly gives it to another person. One such vector is a mosquito that bears malaria by biting an infected person and then by biting another person, thus spreading the parasite of malaria.