What Is Mental Confusion?

Mental disorder (amentia, feeble-mindedness) is also called delirium ^[1] . Patients have mild disturbances of consciousness. Because of their tendency to fantasies, they cannot distinguish between the outside world and their own state, but they can also realize their own thinking, but lack Systematic and incoherent, naturally in a state of incomprehension. If the condition develops, nonsense is spoken, and if the condition is mild, it tends to be fantasy. There is generally a degree of memory of what happened during this period. In the United Kingdom, mental disorder is often used as a meaning of mental fragility. It is a clinical state, which is characterized by fluctuating disturbances in functions such as cognition, emotion, attention, awakening and self-awareness, which can be acutely attacked without prior mental retardation , Or it can occur in addition to chronic mental retardation.

Quick medical evaluation is necessary because

Symptoms can often be reversed if the underlying cause can be quickly identified and properly managed, especially if the cause is hypoglycemia, infection, iatrogenic factors, drug poisoning, or electrolyte disturbances. However, the recovery process can be slow (days or even weeks or months), especially in elderly cases.

All unnecessary drugs should be discontinued. Treatment should be given to clear causes, supplemented with fluids and nutrients. Patients suspected of alcoholism or withdrawal should be given intramuscular injections of 100 mg of thiamine daily for at least 5 consecutive days to ensure absorption. During hospitalization, this case should be closely monitored for signs of withdrawal. Withdrawal can be manifested as an autonomic nervous disorder and exacerbated by signs of insanity.

The environment should be kept as quiet and calm as possible, and the lighting should be dim, but not dark. Medical staff and family members should reassure patients, strengthen their judgment of orientation, and explain various operations in a timely manner. Avoid administering excess medication unless it is used to treat the underlying cause. However, there are times when symptomatic treatment is necessary if the inflammatory symptoms may endanger the patient, the caregiver, or the medical staff. Proper restraint can help prevent patients from unplugging intravenous fluids or other treatment lines. Physical restraints on patients must be performed by trained personnel; restraints should be released every 2 hours to prevent injury, and restraints should be lifted as soon as possible once symptoms improve.

There is very little scientific information on the selection of drugs for treating delirium. Small doses of haloperidol (0.25 mg orally, intramuscularly or intravenously) or thioridazine (5 mg orally) can be helpful in treating delirium cases. Sometimes larger doses are required (2 to 5 mg of haloperidol, or 10 to 20 mg of ridridazine). Newer drugs, such as risperidone, can replace oral treatment of haloperidol, but there is currently no dosage form for intramuscular or intravenous injection. Short-acting or medium-acting benzodiazepines (such as alprazolam, triazolam) can control inflammatory symptoms for a short period of time; benzodiazepines may exacerbate the symptoms of insanity, so when needed, use the lowest effective dose start using. All psychiatric medications should be reduced and discontinued early in order to assess the recovery process.