What is a Race Condition?

Competitive ability is a concept of physical education, which was proposed by Chinese scholar Wang Baocheng in 1993. It is defined as the athlete's ability to perform the highest performance in the competition or to defeat the opponent.

Competence

Right!

Competitive ability is a concept of physical education, which was proposed by Chinese scholar Wang Baocheng in 1993. It is defined as the athlete's ability to perform the highest performance in the competition or to defeat the opponent.

Chinese name

Physical factor

Skill factor

Tactical factor

Psychological factors

Intelligence factor

First, the impact of innate qualities

Innate qualities are the natural anatomical and physiological characteristics of people. They include the characteristics of sensory organs, motor organs, and nervous system and brain. It is the natural premise and material basis for capacity formation and development. Without this foundation, no ability can be created and cannot be developed. Hearing or vision is born to fail, unable to form and develop musical talents, or to become a painter; people with early brain damage or hypoplasia, their intellectual development will be seriously affected.

The nervous system is an important part of quality, and its characteristics (strength, flexibility, balance) have an influence on the formation of abilities. For example, the strength of the nervous system affects the degree and duration of people's attention and is related to the student's learning ability; the balance of the nervous system affects the allocation of attention;

We acknowledge the role of innate qualities in the formation of abilities, and recognize that innate qualities are hereditary, but we cannot draw the conclusion that abilities (mainly intelligence) are genetically determined. First, innate qualities are not entirely obtained through inheritance. Some are due to the effects of various changes in the maternal environment during the fetal period, such as pregnant women s nutrition, diseases, drugs, and radiation. Development brings harm. These hazards are caused by congenital factors rather than genetic factors. Second, innate qualities can only provide the possibility of the formation and development of capabilities, and cannot predetermine or determine the development direction of capabilities. For example, the length of a human finger is determined by heredity. The finger length provides a good natural condition for learning to play the piano, but this does not determine that you will become a pianist in the future, because you need many subjective and objective conditions to become a pianist. Another example is that short people are not good for blocking on the volleyball court, but if you have a good rebounding ability and flexibility, you can compensate for the invariable innate quality conditions of short people and become an excellent blocker. Therefore, innate qualities do not equal capabilities. Third, the same innate qualities may develop many different abilities, and because good innate qualities are not well-trained and trained, it is impossible for the abilities to develop as they should.

Impact of environment and education on capacity formation and development

1. Impact of prenatal environment and nutritional status

The fetus lives in the mother's environment. This environment has an important impact on the growth and development of the fetus and the intellectual development after birth. Many studies have shown that medications, illness, heavy smoking, excessive radiation, and malnutrition during pregnancy can cause chromosome damage or affect the number of fetal cells, affect fetal development, and even directly affect the intelligence of the baby after birth. development of.

2. The role of the early environment

During the whole process of children's growth, the speed of intellectual development is uneven, often faster first and then slower. After a well-known American psychologist, Bloom (B.S. Bloom) conducted a follow-up study of nearly a thousand people, he put forward the hypothesis that before five years of age is the period when children's intelligence develops most rapidly. The Japanese scholar Kimi Kiyoshi proposed the law of diminishing wisdom development. He believes that a person who is born with 100 points of ability can become a person with 100 points of ability if he is born with the most appropriate education; Only when they get the most appropriate education can they have only 80 points of ability; if they start education at the age of ten, they can only become people with 60 points of ability. It can be seen that the ability to develop must attach importance to the role of the early environment.

3 Impact of educational conditions

What direction a person can develop, the level of development, and the speed of the development depends mainly on the educational conditions acquired. Family environment, lifestyle, family members 'occupations, cultural accomplishments, interests, hobbies, and parents' educational methods and attitudes towards children have a great impact on the formation and development of children's abilities. For example, when Goethe was a child, Goethe's father gave him a planned and multi-faceted education, often taking him to visit city buildings and explaining the history of the city to cultivate his appreciation of beauty and historical love; his mother also often gave him Tell a story, stop at every key point, and leave it to Goethe to imagine. After Goethe tells his thoughts, his mother continues to tell. Goethe received a good family education from an early age, which laid the foundation for his ability to become a world-renowned poet.

In educational conditions, school education plays a leading role in the development of student abilities. School education exerts influence on students in a planned, organized, and purposeful manner. Therefore, not only can students acquire knowledge and skills, but they also promote the development of their abilities while learning and training. The development of students' ability in education and teaching is not unconditional, absolute, and spontaneous, but depends on the correct selection of education and teaching content, the reasonable arrangement of teaching process, and the proper use of teaching methods.

Impact of practical activities

Practical activity is the process of interaction between human and objective reality, and it is a unique and active form of movement. The quality, environment, and education mentioned earlier are important factors for capacity formation, but these factors can only affect the formation and development of capacity in practical activities. Therefore, it can be said that practical activities are a necessary condition for capacity formation and development.

China's Han materialist philosopher Wang Chong once put forward the thoughts of "using accumulated energy" and "extracting energy from science". The former means that abilities are accumulated during use, and the latter means that different abilities can be accumulated by engaging in different professional activities. Many studies on the ability of labor, sports, scientific research and other practical activities to influence the formation of this ability fully prove this. In the long-term work of painters, the ability to distinguish paint colors has been fully developed. They can distinguish between four and five hundred colors. Pottery and porcelain workers are very sensitive to hearing. They can according to the nature of the sound made when tapping the product. To determine the quality of the vessel. By the same token, human self-learning ability is formed and developed in learning activities; human organizational ability is also gradually formed in long-term social practice. People's various abilities cannot be improved and developed without specific practical activities.

Influence of other personality factors

Environment and education are external conditions for capacity formation and development, and external factors must function through internal factors. In order to develop a person's ability, in addition to being actively involved in practice, he must give full play to his own subjective initiativepositive personality and psychological characteristics, that is, ideals, interests, and hard work and willpower not to be afraid of difficulties.

Many scholars and accomplished people point out that human wisdom is associated with strong beliefs and lofty ideals. Without ideals and beliefs, the ability to develop lacks strong motivation; interests and hobbies are important conditions that urge people to explore practice and then develop various capabilities. Gorky said: Talent is not something else, but a love of career. When people are obsessed with the work they are interested in, they will provide huge internal strength for the development of ability; hard work and perseverance are also indispensable personality factors for the development of ability. Goethe said: Genius is hard work. The famous physicist Einstein wrote a formula when introducing his successful experience to others: A = X + Y + Z, A represents success, X represents hard work, Y represents the correct method, and Z represents less Talk empty words. From this formula, Einstein attributes his success to a combination of factors, but diligence is the most important factor, so he puts it first.

To sum up, excellent personality psychological quality can promote the development of ability. Therefore, teachers must pay attention to the cultivation of students 'excellent personality quality while focusing on the development of students' ability.