What is a thousandth simulation?

The millennium simulation, formally known as the Millennium Run, is one of the largest simulations of space development. The millennium simulation was developed in 2005 by a consortium of the Virgin, a group of astrophysicists from Germany, Great Britain, Canada, Japan and the USA. The simulation, which was operated at supercomputers in Garching, Germany, included more than 10 billion "particles", simulated 20 million galaxies and yeast in a virtual cube of about 2 billion light -years on the side. The simulation of the millennium has been created as a tool to create predictions on the extensive structure of the universe and their comparison with observational data and theories of astrophysicists. And at that time, the matter consisted of plasma electrons, photons and barusons, and the universe was a bath in the flow of radiation. As a universe, it spread and cooled, reached a critical temperature - about 3000 hp - and began to "condemn" to radiation and independent matter. This event created cosmic microwave radiation in the background that now saturates the universe and has a universal temperature of about 2.7 K. DueBy observing the cosmic microwave background, physicists have a good idea of ​​the state of the universe at the time of the separation separation, and this information was programmed into the Millennium simulation.

After starting the millennium simulation on a powerful supercomputer for more than a month, the Virgin Consortium has gained its results - more than 25 terabytes (TB) data, enough to fit at 5,300 DVDs. The output, which is displayed in visual form, looks like a fine three -dimensional network of filamers with a fractal similarity on multiple layers of the organization. These Filaments are actually dark matter that makes up most of the Mass in the Universe. Dark matter cannot be seen directly, but its existence can be derived from its gravitational effect on visible matter. In the model, the fibers can be seen directly, something impossible with real dark matter.

launching a millennium simulation has provided astrophysics with abundance of new data on how the universe could develop and the forecastIt seizes the "SuperCluster" structure that we observe from astronomical data. One of the first results derived from the simulation of the millennium was that black holes could have formed before it was previously thought, which is something supported by experimental data from Sloan Digital Sky, but which challenges our current cosmological models.