What is the rendering equation?
The rendering equation is an aspect of computer graphics that deals with the light radiates and reflects from the surfaces, so graphic designers can create a realistic three -dimensional (3D) scenes. Two factors that the designers have to take into account are direct and indirect light or light from the source and light that reflects from the surfaces. One of the main media using the rendering equation is 3D animations, because without light the scene and characters would look flat and embarrassing. Video games also use this equation, but there are unique challenges because games have to be rendered in real time. Although this drawing technique is suitable for imitating light, since 2011 there are restrictions that prevent the perfect imitation of light in the real world.
This equation is a bit complicated and includes a number of variables.
It is also possible to write it in several different ways, but a
The number of variables should always be taken into account. IN
Equation, l o is outgoing light;
x is a point on the surface and
Ω is the direction.
l e is emitted by light and
l
l o (x, Ω) = l e (x,
Ω) + ∫ Ω ƒ r (x,
Ω ', Ω) l << sub> i (x,
Ω ') ( - Ω' •
n) d Ω '
What does it mean that outgoing light, with a specific direction From a particular point equals the light emitted from this point plus Integral (∫ Ω ) of two -way reflectance distribution function, incoming light and attenuation incoming light, above all directions (Ω ') on the hemisphere Decide by n .
Designers must consider two types of light when using the rendering equation. Direct light is any light that comes directly from a light source,such as a bulb or the sun. Designers must cause light to radiate from the source at the correct intensity to ensure that it reflects the surfaces correctly. Indirect light is light that is not directly from the source, such as the curvature of the light around the surface. This requires designers to ensure that light describes the surface of the surface in detail and that light and shadows are mixed without error.
3D animations generated by computer use a rendering equation to create realistic scenes. Because 3D animations are created to imitate real life, whether stylistically or realistic, this light is necessary for the scenes to look real. Without light, the surfaces and characters would lose a large part of their depth, and many viewers might think the scenes look embarrassing. At the same time, 3D animations have created for you Velming or children with small budgets can use a limited light equation that is not so realistic, but is easier to use for designers.
Video games use the rendering equation frequently,But that represents a challenge for designers. For 3D animations, designers are able to fix the light if it looks incorrect; The game designer must program light to make it work and portray in real time. This often requires a reduced equation that can quickly load light.
While the rendering equation can create a real -looking light, there are restrictions that prevent it from copying real life. In the real world, light can react in a way that is very difficult to program. For example, light may be absorbed and discouraged by different wavelengths, or the place may be issued later; Both are very difficult to program. At the same time, because most spectators or players are focused on the animation or game event, most viewers are unlikely to notice these problems.