What Is Crop Farming?

Crops are various plants cultivated in agriculture. Including food crops, cash crops (oil crops, vegetable crops, flowers, grass, trees). "People take food as the sky" expresses the relationship between people and food, and reasonable dietary matching can bring health to humans. The growth of crops is inseparable from scientific and technological production technology and machinery and equipment manufactured by new industries that can assist agricultural production. ^[1]

Refers to various plants cultivated in agriculture, including food crops, cash crops, etc. Edible crops are one of the basic food sources of human beings ^[2]

"

The soil for corn planting needs to be turned deep in autumn, and the low temperature in winter is used to kill the parasites in the soil. enter

[Europe and Southeast Asia] The history of crop cultivation is different. The Near East and Europe started from 6500-3500 BC; Southeast Asia, started from 6800-4000 BC; in Central America and Peru, it started around 2500 BC . Most of the first crop cultivation areas were river basins in semi-arid climates. In Eurasia, the method of crop cultivation is to harrow the ground and then plow the soil; in Central America, because there is no cattle and horses, their main crop is corn.

[Ancient Greece and Rome] From 2000 BC, the Greeks cultivated food crops, mainly barley, also planted olive trees, figs and grapes, and raised livestock. The Greeks invented a waterwheel to lift water from low to high.

Ancient Romans: invented some iron tools, such as

The so-called transgenic plant refers to the introduction of artificially isolated and modified foreign genes into the genome of the organism in need of improvement to produce new traits, such as insect resistance, disease resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance, high yield, high quality, etc. So as to achieve the purpose of transforming organisms ^[3]

Transgenic technology has opened an effective way to solve this problem. The main point of the technology is to add a special gene controlled by the promoter of the DNA emptying fragment to the target plant. Under the action of the promoter, the gene can combine foreign genes with the desired time and location according to the wishes of the scientist. It is cut off from the transgenic plants by itself, so that the pollen, seeds and fruits of the transgenic plants no longer contain foreign genes, and the purpose of producing non-transgenic food by using the transgenic plants is achieved. Professor Li Yi explained that, for example, the cultivation of herbicide-resistant corn, in the growth stage of corn, because its roots, stems and leaves contain herbicide-resistant genes, the application of herbicides will not affect its normal growth and ensure its use in the field. Growth advantage. But when the corn is maturing, the pre-designed genetic recombination system will remove all the herbicide resistance genes in the ear of corn in time, which not only solves the problem of the drift and diffusion of the herbicide resistance genes, but also allows consumption. Eat with confidence and boldness. He revealed that as many as 30,000 tobacco plants were tested, and the foreign gene removal efficiency reached 100%.

The scientific research results obtained by Professor Li Yi's research team have caused a strong response in the field of international genetic modification research. Well-known experts and scholars have spoken highly of this technology, believing that the technology can solve the environmental problems caused by genetically modified plants and the safety of genetically modified foods. It is of great significance and has great commercial application value in bioenergy, fruit tree cultivation, flower planting, food and vegetable production.

The global planting area of genetically modified crops has been greatly expanded year by year, and farmers are very enthusiastic in planting. This reflects the satisfaction of farmers with genetically modified crops. Genetically modified crops have brought important economic, environmental, and Health and social benefits. And planting transgenic crops that are resistant to diseases and insect pests and herbicides can significantly reduce the amount of pesticides used during crop growth, thereby reducing environmental pollution from agricultural production.

Almost any food derived from animals and plants contains genes. Regardless of the source of the genes, the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that constitutes the genes will be broken down into small molecules by enzymes after entering the human body. It is impossible to bring foreign genetic information to people. In the genome. From this perspective, there is no difference between genetically modified foods and traditional foods.

To date, there have been examples of deaths from eating organic foods, but no one has died from eating genetically modified foods. Compared with organic food, more than 20 years of the industrialization of genetically modified food, 3/4 of the world s population lives in countries that have approved the cultivation or import of genetically modified food. There has never been a security incident. Those well-known security incidents have proved afterwards. It's all rumors.

According to the global annual report issued by the International Agricultural Biotechnology Application Service Organization (ISAAA), the planting area of Spanish GM corn MON-810 reached 129,081 hectares in 2016, a year-on-year increase of 19.8% ^[4]

Each April and May is an important period for wheat jointing booting, fruit tree flowering and vegetable growth, and it is also a time to develop various types of

On August 16, 2018, a team led by researcher Fu Xiangdong of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered that GRF4 growth factor plays a key role in improving nitrogen and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice and wheat, and explored a new and simultaneous increase in grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency. path. Higher GRF4 expression levels can promote nitrogen fertilizer uptake by plant roots, enhance leaf photosynthesis, promote dry matter accumulation during filling and endosperm, and thus increase crop yield. Professor Nagoya Matsunoka believes that this discovery lays the theoretical foundation for molecular design and breeding of crops with less input, more output, and environmental protection, and provides new genetic resources with important breeding value.

Crops (9 photos)