What are the different types of intravenous fluid?

There are three key types of intravenous fluid. Crystaloid solutions that include hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions are the most common, while colloidal solutions are less predominant. Blood and blood products are also administered through intravenous (IV) therapy. Synthetic spare blood fluid could become a new type of intravenous fluid, but in 2011 it is still experimental.

Many of the most famous types of intravenous fluid fall into the general class of crystalloid solutions. These solutions contain chemicals with small molecules that can easily pass through the walls of capillaries into the body cells. Crystaloid types of intravenous fluid are divided into three groups, depending on whether they have more, less or the same amount of electrolytes as plasma, which is the primary liquid component of the blood.

hypotonic crystalloid fluids such as a saline solution of half -strength with 0.45% salt, have fewer electrolytes than plasma and are often used to HYWirepatients. Isotonic fluids correspond to the body's electrolyte level. These solutions, which include a 5% dexttrosis solution, 0.9% saline solution and Lactatted Ringer's solution, serve a number of functions. Hypertonic fluids that have high electrolyte concentrations include a double force of 10% dextrose and 5% dextrose in physiological solution. These fluids can fill the blood vessels while supplying sugar and are useful in the treatment of diabetics. Many special drugs that are supplied intravenously are mixed with one of these types of fluids.

colloidal solutions such as albumin and dextran carry large molecules that usually cannot penetrate the capillary wall. They do a great job to increase the volume of blood both in the blood vessels and according to their abilities, like hypertonic crystalloid fluids, pull out fluid from the body and into the circulatory system. These solutions tend to be expensive and hard to storeand manage.

Blood and blood products are natural products, but they are often given IV lines and can also be classified as one of the types of intravenous fluid. Plasma can be used in transfusions to replace fluids, while blood components such as white blood cells and plates can be transfused to solve specific health problems. Transfusions carry health risks beyond the risk of other liquids.

In the first decade of the 21st century. The fourth type of intravenous fluid began to appear. Synthetic fluids with blood replacement should be the ability to carry oxygen similar to that of hemoglobin in red blood cells. We hope that they will be able to combine the comfort and availability of crystalloid solutions with oxygen capacity of human blood. Since 2011, however, synthetic blood fluids using perfluorochemicals as oxygen carriers remain in clinical trials in the US.