What Are the Different Types of Natural Anesthetic?

Narcotic drugs refer to drugs that have an anesthetic effect on the central nervous system, are continuously used, abused, or are used unreasonably, which are prone to physical and mental dependence and can addictive. Commonly used narcotic drugs are acetorphine, acetofafyl fentanyl, methamphetamine and the like.

Narcotic drugs refer to drugs that have an anesthetic effect on the central nervous system, are continuously used, abused, or are used unreasonably, which are prone to physical and mental dependence and can addictive. Commonly used narcotic drugs are acetorphine, acetofafyl fentanyl, methamphetamine and the like.

Drug Name

Narcotic Drugs

Alias

Anesthetic

Whether prescription drugs

prescription

Dosage

Follow the pharmacist's judgment

Main medication contraindications

Follow the pharmacist's judgment

Athletes use with caution

Use with caution

Whether to include health insurance

Incorporate

Drug type

Anesthetic

Classification of Narcotic Drugs

According to the International Anti-Drug Convention, active psychoactive substances are divided into: Habitforming Drugs, Spirit Drugs, and other dependent drugs.

In terms of natural properties, such substances are used reasonably under strict management. It has certain clinical treatment value and is called medicine.

In terms of natural attributes, if they are compulsively sought for abnormal needs, such substances have no clinical therapeutic significance and are called drugs.

The term drugs is therefore a relative concept. Of course, there are still some drugs (such as heroin, etc.) that are no longer used as drugs due to their high drug addiction and so on. They are only considered as drugs.

Anesthetic drugs can be broadly divided into:

Opioids: Includes opioids of natural origin and the active ingredients extracted from them.

Cocaine: cocaine, cocaine, etc.

Cannabis: Includes various cannabis preparations whose active ingredient is THC

There are also some synthetic preparations for clinical use.

Narcotic drugs

Narcotic drugs are drugs that have a certain dependence potential,

Normal use of narcotic drugs is good for health. However, after continuous abuse of some narcotic drugs, they are prone to physical dependence and addiction. Use and storage should be strictly managed. Narcotic drugs are not drugs. Including opioids, cocaine, cannabis, synthetic narcotics and other addictive drugs, medicinal raw plants and their preparations designated by the State Food and Drug Administration.

Narcotic Drugs List

Catalog of Varieties of Narcotic Drugs (2013 Edition) ^[1]

Serial number	Chinese name	English name	CAS number	Remark
1	Acetorphine	Acetorphine	25333-77-1
2	Acetofamethylfentanyl	Acetyl- alpha -methylfentanyl	101860-00-8
3	Mesado	Acetylmethadol	509-74-0
4	Alfentany	Alfentanil	71195-58-9
5	Allylodine	Allylprodine	25384-17-2
6	Mesado	Alphacetylmethadol	17199-58-5
7	Alfamelodine	Alphameprodine	468-51-9
8	Alfa Mesado	Alphamethadol	17199-54-1
9	Alfamethylfentanyl	Alpha-methylfentanyl	79704-88-4
10	Alfamethylthiofentanyl	Alpha-methylthiofentanyl	103963-66-2
11	Afarodine	Alphaprodine	77-20-3
12	Anilidine	Anileridine	144-14-9
13	Benzidine	Benzethidine	3691-78-9
14	Benzmorphine	Benzylmorphine	36418-34-5
15	Methadone	Betacetylmethadol	17199-59-6
16	Beta fentanyl	Beta-hydroxyfentanyl	78995-10-5
17	Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl	Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl	78995-14-9
18	Betamethodine	Betameprodine	468-50-8
19	Betamethadol	Betamethadol	17199-55-2
20	Betaridine	Betaprodine	468-59-7
twenty one	Bezimit	Bezitramide	15301-48-1
twenty two	Hemp and hemp resin With cannabis extract and tincture	Cannabis and Cannabis Resin and Extracts and Tinctures of Cannabis	8063-14-7 6465-30-1
twenty three	Clonitazine	Clonitazene	3861-76-5
twenty four	Coca leaf	Coca Leaf
25	cocaine*	Cocaine	50-36-2
26	Codoxin	Codoxime	7125-76-0
27	Poppy concentrate *	Concentrate of Poppy Straw		Including Poppy Fruit Extract *, Poppy Fruit Extract Powder *
28	Desomorphine	Desomorphine	427-00-9
29	Dexralamide	Dextromoramide	357-56-2
30	Dienpromine	Diampromide	552-25-0
31	Diethylthiobutene	Diethylthiambutene	86-14-6
32	Diphenoxin	Difenoxin	28782-42-5
33	Dihydroetorphine *	Dihydroetorphine	14357-76-7
34	Dihydromorphine	Dihydromorphine	509-60-4
35	Demecado	Dimenoxadol	509-78-4
36	Demiheptanol	Dimepheptanol	545-90-4
37	Dimethidine	Dimethylthiambutene	524-84-5
38	Morphine	Dioxaphetyl Butyrate	467-86-7
39	Diphenoxylate *	Diphenoxylate	915-30-0
40	Depiperone	Dipipanone	467-83-4
41	Oxybate	Drotebanol	3176-03-2
42	Ecgonine	Ecgonine	481-37-8
43	Metidine	Ethylmethylthiambutene	441-61-2
44	Etonicin	Etonitazene	911-65-9
45	Etorphine	Etorphine	14521-96-1
46	Relidin	Etoxeridine	469-82-9
47	Fentanyl *	Fentanyl	437-38-7
48	Furidine	Furethidine	2385-81-1
49	Heroin	Heroin	561-27-3
50	Hydrocodone *	Hydrocodone	125-29-1
51	Hydromorphol	Hydromorphinol	2183-56-4
52	Hydromorphone *	Hydromorphone	466-99-9
53	Haloperidine	Hydroxypethidine	468-56-4
54	Isoflavone	Isomethadone	466-40-0
55	Catomidone	Ketobemidone	469-79-4
56	Levomethadine	Levomethorphan	125-70-2
57	Levamide	Levomoramide	5666-11-5
58	Levoflavin	Levophenacylmorphan	10061-32-2
59	Levorno	Levorphanol	77-07-6
60	Metazocine	Metazocine	3734-52-9
61	Methadone *	Methadone	76-99-3
62	Methadone intermediate	Methadone Intermediate	125-79-1	4-cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbutane
63	Medesorphine	Methyldesorphine	16008-36-9
64	Methyldihydromorphine	Methyldihydromorphine	509-56-8
65	3-methylfentanyl	3-Methylfentanyl	42045-86-3
66	3-methylthiofentanyl	3-Methylthiofentanyl	86052-04-2
67	Metopone	Metopon	143-52-2
68	Morphamine intermediate	Moramide Intermediate	3626-55-9	2-methyl-3-morpholinyl-1,1-diphenylbutanoic acid
69	Morpiridine	Morpheridine	469-81-8
70	morphine*	Morphine	57-27-2	Includes morphine atropine injection *
71	Morphine methyl bromide	Morphine Methobromide	125-23-5	Includes other pentavalent nitrogen morphine derivatives, especially morphine-N-oxides, one of which is codeine-N-oxide
72	Morphine-N-oxide	Morphine-N-oxide	639-46-3
73	1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidine propionate	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidinol propionate (ester)	13147-09-6	MPPP
74	Myroline	Myrophine	467-18-5
75	Nicomorphine	Nicomorphine	639-48-5
76	Nomezado	Noracymethadol	1477-39-0
77	Norlevorphine	Norlevorphanol	1531-12-0
78	Normethanone	Normethadone	467-85-6
79	Normorphine	Normorphine	466-97-7
80	Norpidone	Norpipanone	561-48-8
81	Opium *	Opium	8008-60-4	Includes compound camphor tincture *, A-citrus tablets *
82	Oleba	Oripavine	467-04-9
83	Oxycodone *	Oxycodone	76-42-5
84	Oxymorphone	Oxymorphone	76-41-5
85	Paraflufentanil	Para -fluorofentanyl	90736-23-5
86	Pethidine *	Pethidine	57-42-1	Commonly known as Duolidine (Petidine)
87	Pethidine intermediate A	Pethidine Intermediate A	3627-62-1	4-cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine
88	Pethidine intermediate B	Pethidine Intermediate B	77-17-8	4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
89	Pethidine intermediate C	Pethidine Intermediate C	3627-48-3	1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid
90	Phenylheptanone	Phenadoxone	467-84-5
91	Finacine	Phenampromide	129-83-9
92	Finazocin	Phenazocine	127-35-5
93	1-phenethyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidine acetate	1-Phenethyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidinol acetate (ester)	64-52-8	PEPAP
94	Fenorphane	Phenomorphan	468-07-5
95	Benzidine	Phenoperidine	562-26-5
96	Piminodine	Piminodine	13495-09-5
97	Piperidine	Piritramide	302-41-0
98	Proheptazine	Proheptazine	77-14-5
99	Properidine	Properidine	561-76-2
100	Mesomorphin	Racemethorphan	510-53-2
101	Racemic melamine	Racemoramide	545-59-5
102	Mesorphin	Racemorphan	297-90-5
103	Remifentanil *	Remifentanil	132875-61-7
104	Sufentanil *	Sufentanil	56030-54-7
105	Acethydrocodone	Thebacon	466-90-0
106	Thebaine *	Thebaine	115-37-7
107	Thiofentanyl	Thiofentanyl	1165-22-6
108	Tilidine	Tilidine	20380-58-9
109	Tricamidine	Trimeperidine	64-39-1
110	Codeine acetate	Acetyldihydrocodeine	3861-72-1
111	Codeine *	Codeine	76-57-3
112	Dexpropoxyphene *	Dextropropoxyphene	469-62-5
113	Dihydrocodeine *	Dihydrocodeine	125-28-0
114	Ethylmorphine *	Ethylmorphine	76-58-4
115	Nicotine	Nicocodine	3688-66-2
116	Codeine	Nicodicodine	808-24-2
117	Norcodeine	Norcodeine	467-15-2
118	Volcodine *	Pholcodine	509-67-1
119	Propiram	Propiram	15686-91-6
120	Brinazine *	Bucinnazine
121	Poppy Shell *	Poppy Shell

Notes on Narcotic Drugs

Note: 1. The above varieties include their possible salts and unilateral preparations (unless otherwise specified).

2. The above varieties include their possible isomers, esters and ethers (unless otherwise specified).

3. The narcotic drugs with * in the catalogue are the ones produced and used in China.

Anesthesia refers to the use of drugs or non-drug methods to temporarily lose the body or part of the body to achieve the purpose of painlessness, and is mostly used for surgery or the treatment of certain diseases. ^[1]

History of Narcotic Drug Research

Anesthetic is one of the achievements of ancient Chinese surgery. As early as 2000 years ago, there were practical applications of narcotics and awakening drugs in Chinese medicine. "Lie Zi · Tang Wen Pian" described Bian Qiang as a public servant and Qi Ying treating the disease. "Bian Qiang then drank two poisonous wines and was stunned for three days. He opened his chest to explore the heart and easily placed it. Wu Ruchu ... "The story of" poisoned wine "and" stupefaction "patients undergoing surgery and then using" magic drugs "to wake up. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the 2nd century AD, the ancient Chinese medical scientist Hua Yan invented "Ma Bo San", which was selected as the world's earliest anesthetic by the Chinese World Record Association; Hua Ma was selected by the Chinese World Record Association as the earliest anesthetic agent in the world. people. Ma Bosan created the world's most ancient medicine. As an anesthetic during surgery. According to the "Hou Han Book", Hua Di invented Ma Bo San, "If the disease is in the end, the acupuncture can't reach it, but the boiled boiled with alcohol first, but drunk without any notice, because the boil broke the back Draw and accumulate. If it is in the stomach, cut off and wash, remove the disease, and then suture, Fu Yishen ointment, healing in four or five days, and healed within one month. "This paragraph about tumor removal or gastrointestinal anastomosis The description is strikingly consistent with the scenes of modern surgery, and it is no wonder Hua Hua has been revered as the first person in the world to use anesthetics for thoracic surgery. The advent of the traditional Chinese medicine anesthetic "Ma Bo San" has greatly promoted the development of foreign sciences and has a considerable impact on future generations. Hua Yao invented and used anesthetics about 1600 years before Western medical scientists used them for surgery. Therefore, Chinachem is not only China's first, but also the world's first developer and user of anesthetics. Regrettably, Hua Yuan's works and the formula of hemp boiling powder have been lost. Western medical laughter, ether, chloroform and other chemical anesthetics have only undergone surgical operations for about 150 years. However, in the Middle Ages, Europe also secretly used drugs such as smoldering or perspiration. The American Lawall published "The History of World Pharmacy" in 1926. He believed that an anesthetic used by Arabs in the Middle Ages might have been passed on from China, because the famous Chinese doctor Hua Yan was good at this technique, and he also said that Hua Ying is "Hippocrates of China" (father of Greek medicine in the 5th century BC). Here, we can trace the clues of Ma Bosan to the West from Western notes and novels. In 1298, the Italian Marco Polo wrote in his travels the Arab country's legend about "mountain old" Alating. In order to train the assassins, "Shan Lao" anesthetized the young people with a narcotic liquor and sent them to the "Elysium Country" for enjoyment. After a while, they were anesthetized and sent back for training. Chapters 23 and 24) Although there is no clear evidence of whether this narcotic wine was passed from China, this approach is very similar to the plot in "The Palace of Heaven" in "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi". In the famous book "Ten Days Talk", Bachach, who was later than Marco Pollo slightly, mentioned that a monastery chief obtained a medicinal powder from Le Wang's prince, which is said to be a medicinal powder for "Lao Lao". Depending on the amount of use, you can let the person taking the drug sleep longer or shorter, as if sleeping. The second day of The Tenth Talk (the third day of the story, the eighth story). In another story, a doctor named Ma Caiao Taizhu Monta had refined an anaesthetic so that a patient could drink it and let him sleep as often as possible in order to have a smooth operation ("Ten Days" "The fourth day, the tenth story". This indicates that narcotics have been transmitted from Arab countries to Europe. The later Italian writer Bendello, who was later than Buccaccio, wrote a collection of short stories in the 16th century. In the second volume of the story, the love tragedy of Romeo and Juliet was described, in which the priest gave Juliet medicine powder and died. Later, British Shakespeare wrote the famous drama "Romeo and Juliet" based on this story. From these materials you can further see the clues of oral anesthetics to the west. In fact, this type of oral anesthetic has not been widely spread and used in Europe. For a long time, when pulling teeth, amputating or medical war wounds in Europe, they mostly tied the patient or hit the head with a stick and knocked the patient out. The chemical anesthesia method was created only 150 years ago, pioneering western medical surgery, and later developed into anesthetic injections for injection, which have spread widely throughout the world. Anesthesia decoction is unique to China. The amount of anesthesia can control the depth and time of anesthesia, and overdose will cause false death. This has also been used by bad guys. Zhou Mi in the Southern Song Dynasty pointed out in the "Second Sequel to Guixin" that "or Yun, Today's corrupt officials, who have been dirty and overflowing, have been sued, but who are serving the hundred day dan, is it necessary to use this? "The corrupt officials use oral anesthesia to fake death to escape the deserved punishment. This should be another anesthetic. This kind of improper use, but also shows that the medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine anesthetics have been grasped by more people.