What Is Dental Antibiotic Prophylaxis?

Tooth extraction is the most commonly used treatment technique in dentistry. Tooth extraction can cause local tissue damage, cause bleeding, swelling, pain and other reactions, and can also cause fluctuations in blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse, so it must be treated carefully. Special attention should be paid to patients with cardiovascular disease and hematological disease, otherwise it will bring serious consequences. Tooth loss can cause alveolar bone atrophy, displacement or extension of adjacent teeth and jaw teeth, causing chewing disorders. Anterior tooth loss directly affects pronunciation and appearance. Premature loss of deciduous teeth in children can cause malformations of the jaw. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly grasp the indications for tooth extraction. Only when the teeth have adverse effects on health and cannot be treated with effective methods for preservation, extraction should be considered.

Tooth extraction

(Stomatological treatment technology)

Tooth extraction is

In the 1950s, tooth extraction was the most common cause

Various dental diseases cannot be cured.

Symptoms of various dislocated teeth, impacted teeth, and impacted teeth.

The pathogenic or focal tooth that causes other diseases.

The last misaligned tooth with no occlusion.

Disinfection, anesthesia, separation of gums, loosening, removal, gauze compression to stop bleeding.

The main extraction instruments are periosteal separators (for separating periosteum or gums),

One to two days after tooth extraction, mild pain in the wound is normal. If the pain worsens, infection may occur. The common complications are mostly acute cellulitis,

The extraction wound is filled with blood, and a blood clot can start to form in about 15 minutes. After a few hours, the gum tissue shrinks, making the extraction wound smaller. After 24 hours, the blood clot gradually develops connective tissue. After 3 to 4 days, the gingival epithelium is formed by The surrounding area grew to the surface of the blood clot and completely covered, and bone tissue gradually grew after 2 weeks. Complications and their prevention There are two common complications: bleeding after tooth extraction. Gauze rolls are spit out half an hour after tooth extraction, and generally no more bleeding. It is normal to have a small amount of blood in saliva within 1-2 days after tooth extraction. If there is still significant bleeding, it is called bleeding after tooth extraction, and most of them are caused by local causes, such as torn gums, residual bone fragments, etc. After removing sutures, then use a gauze roll to stop bleeding; if it is caused by systemic causes, you should At the same time as local treatment, treatment based on the cause.

Within a few days after tooth extraction, the wound was empty and clot-free, and was covered by a layer of putrid matter with a special stench. There is obvious local pain, which spreads to the ear temporal or inferior front, light exploration or cold water stimulation can cause severe pain, which is an important complication of tooth extraction, especially after extraction of the impacted third molar of the mandible, the incidence of dry socket disease is 10 ~ 30%. Although the etiology of the disease has not been unified after extensive research. In the 1960s, trauma and infection were considered to be the main causes. In the 1970s, Chinese scholars believed that in addition to trauma, anatomical factors were another important cause of mandibular impacted third molar dry socket. After extraction of the mandibular impacted third molar, the alveolar socket is large, because the dental socket needs to contain part of the crown, and often lacks two

If the patient suffers from blood disease, cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, liver and kidney disease, and acute infectious disease, or local acute inflammation, malignant tumor, and radiation therapy, tooth extraction can worsen the condition and endanger life and health. Therefore, the above mentioned diseases should not be extracted during the acute phase. Preventive measures should also be taken during the stable period to carefully extract teeth. Women's menstrual periods are carefully extracted. Inter-operative procedures: disinfection, local anesthesia, gingival separation, tooth removal or extraction, examination of wounds, gauze rolls. However, complex or impacted teeth also require complex operations such as splitting or drilling teeth, or incision and bone removal. Complications: bleeding, infection, alveolar pain, xerostomia, fractures, numbness of the lower lip, mandibular joint injury, etc., should be handled in time with an oral doctor.

1. Patients with cardiovascular disease

Have severe cardiovascular disease and hypertension above 180/100 mm Hg . General heart disease patients can extract their teeth as long as they do not show signs of cardiac insufficiency (such as light activity or shortness of breath when they are lying flat). However, you should:

1. Gauze or cotton ball on the wound after tooth extraction should be bitten for about half an hour to 45 minutes to spit it out. When biting the gauze, swallow normally if there is saliva. If the gauze is still slightly bleeding after removing it, you need to spare the gauze for 1 hour. If it still does not work, please contact your doctor again. A small amount of blood in saliva within 24 hours is normal. The saliva is slightly bloody, so don't panic, but if blood keeps appearing, please contact your doctor.

2. You can take a rest in a semi-recumbent position after tooth extraction. Do not lie flat. You cannot take a hot bath immediately to avoid bleeding from the wound.

3. Eat 2 hours after tooth extraction. Can eat liquid or semi-liquid, do not eat hard, hot food. It must be noted that soft food should be taken after 2 hours; food should not be overheated, and avoid chewing on the tooth extraction side. Otherwise, before the blood clot is fully mechanized, if you do not pay attention to the above points, it will also lead to the destruction of the blood clot and bleeding.

4. Do not perform strenuous exercise or heavy physical labor on the day of tooth extraction, do not drink alcohol, do not play musical instruments, do not suck wounds, and do not gargle.

5. After the anesthesia disappears, the tooth extraction wound is slightly painful, and generally does not need to take medicine. If there is fever, severe pain, swelling or heavy bleeding, you should seek medical treatment in time.

6. Except for the third molar and multiple teeth, adults generally need to install dentures after tooth extraction. They can be installed at the hospital or dental clinic about 2 months after extraction.

7. Gauze bite is very important after tooth extraction. After tooth extraction, tooth extraction is full of fresh blood, and a blood clot is formed in about 15 minutes to close the wound. Therefore, the correct gauze biting time is 30 minutes. It should not be too early or too late. The blood clot does not form in advance, and the bleeding does not stop; the blood clot coagulates with the gauze when it is delayed, and it is taken out together when the gauze is taken out, and the bleeding is again. At the same time, the emphasis is on "taking out" rather than "spitting out" gauze. The latter often destroys blood clots due to excessive force.

Preparation for extraction day

(1) It is better for women to avoid tooth extraction during regular holidays, because bleeding will be more. There will be more chances of infection.

(2) Try to avoid when colds are high in spring and autumn. It is not uncommon to have a slight fever after a difficult extraction.

(3) As for whether to go for tooth extraction in the morning or in the afternoon. To distinguish between situations. If it is a difficult extraction, it is recommended to go in the morning. In the morning, the physical strength of both the doctor and the patient was good. It also takes a long time to observe after tooth extraction. If the difficulty is not very great, the tooth to be extracted has experienced repeated inflammation before, it is recommended to extract it in the afternoon. Extraction of such teeth can not be absorbed well and may hurt. People are less sensitive to pain in the afternoon.

(4) If the difficulty of extraction is expected or the tooth to be extracted is inflamed. Or afraid of pain. You can take a pill of anti-inflammatory and painkillers half an hour before tooth extraction.

(5) Eat something before extraction, not fasting. Fasting is prone to syncope. Don't eat too much and don't eat too greasy food. Proper drinking. Too little to eat, weak resistance, too much, too greasy may cause nausea and even vomiting during tooth extraction. That would be troublesome. Very susceptible to infection. Then rinse your teeth.

(6) Patients with hypertension should test their blood pressure at the nurse and do a procaine skin test.

What do we do after tooth extraction

(1) First and foremost, after tooth extraction, it is important to calm down and listen carefully to the doctor's account.

(2) It is best not to eat anything within 2 hours, but to eat soft food, liquid or semi-liquid on the day, it is better to be warm and cold, and not eat hard, hot food. You can chew on the other side.

(3) Do not gargle on the day and do not spit too much to prevent bleeding or infection. Do not repeatedly suck or spit out blood clots because of the bloody smell in the mouth, which will not heal the wound.

(4) Do not brush your teeth that day. Do not suck wounds. Do not play musical instruments.

(5) Within 1 week after tooth extraction, it is normal to have bloodshot in the saliva. If there is more than one bleeding, go to the hospital for examination.

(6) Try to exercise less and speak less on the day of tooth extraction. Avoid tobacco, alcohol and spicy food.

(7) If there are sutures in the oral cavity during tooth extraction, the sutures should generally be removed after 4 ~ 5 days.

(8) Pay attention to wounds after tooth extraction. If there is a lot of bleeding, you should seek medical examination in time. After extraction, gauze or cotton balls on the wound should be bitten for about half an hour before spitting out. Do not bite too tightly or for a long time. A small amount of blood in saliva within 24 hours is normal.

(9) In general, oral antibiotics can be used instead of oral antibiotics. If wisdom teeth or traumatic teeth are extracted, antibiotics must be taken orally. Antibiotics can be given intravenously if symptoms worsen.

(10) It is recommended to use the special natural mouthwash provided by our department on the day of routine tooth extraction. You can continue to rinse your mouth from the second day, which can reduce the postoperative reaction.

(11) Except for the third molar and multiple teeth, most adults need to be installed after tooth extraction.

Can not close eyes and local swelling quickly when applying anaesthetic.

Chance of occurrence: less than 3%.

Please believe that this is not a medical accident. It was an accident. Will not produce any sequelae.

Do not close your eyes and recover on your own after the anesthetic effect subsides, within about 2-3 hours.

Local swelling will usually return to normal in about two weeks. During the general local skin through red-dark red-yellow-normal. Such an evolutionary process.

5. There are many provisions in the consent form: what soft tissue damage, what is alveolar bone damage, what is oral maxillary sinus traffic, and what patients' friends are most worried about infection with hepatitis B, infection

1. Suture the gums on both sides for horizontal mattress suture, and compress for 5-10 minutes after suture.

2. Try placing iodoform sponge in the upper part of the alveolar socket, and then press it with a gauze roll.

3. Under local anesthesia, remove the blood clot and inflammatory granulation tissue in the alveolar socket, and then use an iodoform yarn strip, starting from the bottom of the socket. After tightly filling it, press the gauze roll to press it. Take it out and place it for a shorter period of time. After several replacements, the granulation tissue will gradually grow and heal.