What is the Cori cycle?
Cori cycle describes the interconnected metabolic pathways that remain muscles, even in the absence of oxygen capable of functioning. This occurs due to the ability of the liver to convert chemical waste of muscles back to the energy source. The cycle was first mapped in 1929 by married doctors Carl and Gerty Cori, who won the 1946 Nobel Prize in medicine for their discovery of the same name. This explains how glucose can be consumed by muscles, leaching lactate in the process. The liver then uses this lactate to create glucose, all through enzymatic reactions. If the oxygen is not unavailable, anaerobic decomposition of glucose is achieved by a fermentation process called glycolysis. One of its by -products is lactate, soluble lactic acid, which is excreted back into the bloodstream. Among the many biological functions of the liver is gluconeogenesis, the process ttělo maintains the correct blood sugar through the synthesis of glucose from non -pricer components. To complete this loop is decisiveTALYTIC CO-RAZYM adenosinriposphate (ATP).
In the normal presence of oxygen, glycolysis in muscle cells produces two units of ATP and two units of pyruvate, simple acid, which was implicated as a possible precursor into organic life. Both compounds provide energy that allows cells to maintain breathing through a number of chemical reactions called the Crebs cycle, also called cycle of citric acid or tricarboxylic acid. Oxidation pulls out the carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms - water and carbon dioxide - from the equation. The 1953 Nobel Prize was awarded to a biochemist who mapped and named this cyclic process.
In the absence of oxygen, organic enzymes can break carbohydrate with glucosefering. Plant cells convert pyruvate into alcohol; The enzyme dehydrogenase in muscle cells converts it into lactate and amino acid alanine. Liver filter lactate from bloode to reverse it to reverse it to pyruvate and then into glucose. Although less effective than the Cori cycle, the liver is also able to recycle Alanin back to glucose plus waste urea in a process called Alan's cycle. In both cases, gluconeogenesis is returned through blood circulation to power high energy requirements of muscle cells.
As with most natural cycles, the Cori cycle is not a completely closed loop. For example, while two ATP molecules are produced by glycolysis in the muscles, the liver costs six ATP molecules to feed gluconeogenesis. Likewise, Corice Couce has nowhere to start without initial introduction of two oxygen molecules. In the end, the muscles, not to mention the rest of the body, need a new new supply of both oxygen and glucose.
Physiological requirements of intensive exercise quickly engage the Cori cycle to burn and re -create glucose anaerobically. When energy demand exceeds the liver capacity to convert lactate into glucose, a state called lactate may occurAcidosis. Excess lactic acid reduces blood pH to the level of tissue damage and the symptoms of distress will include deep hyperventilation, vomiting and abdominal spasms. Milk acidosis is a basic cause of strict mortis. With the body no longer breathing, all muscles continue to consume glucose by continuous repetition of the Cori cycle.