What Are the Different Types of Peptides?

The amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid can be condensed into a peptide, and the amide group formed is called a peptide bond in protein chemistry. The amino acid molecule is the smallest, and the protein is the largest. Two or more amino acids are dehydrated to form several peptide bonds to form a peptide chain. Multiple peptide chains are multi-folded to form a protein molecule. Proteins are sometimes referred to as "polypeptides." Dipeptide (dipeptide for short) is a protein fragment composed of two amino acids.

One, one

Kangxi dictionary

"Tang Yun" "Ji Yun" "Yun Hui" Sang Jingqian, sound star. "Said the text" dog cream smelly too. From meat, raw, and sound. I'm not familiar with it. Xu Yin's Book of Rites, rice wins and is familiar. "Li · Nei Ze · Qiu Yi Tu Yi Xuan Xuan Yu Xuan Yu Xuan" fishy, sound star. Chicken paste too. Saying that the text is victorious, Yun: The dog smells bad too.

And "Ji Yun" seven tangent, sound Jing. In the Book of Mountains and Seas, there is a bird of prey in Yushan. "Note" surname.

It's also new and sloppy. Same as fishy. The star sees the food, so the raw polyps are also in the meat.

And "Five-sound set rhyme" Gengqie, sound students. also.

Research: I said, I m not familiar with it. Xu Yin's Book of Rites, wins and is familiar. Would like to change to win according to the original text. ^[2]

Peptide peptide active peptide and large peptide

There are many traditional methods for obtaining peptides. Traditional methods include: microbial fermentation method, acid method, alkali method, electric method, artificial grafting method, gene expression method, and enzymatic hydrolysis method.

· Microbial fermentation method: The production technology of microbial fermentation method is mainly to convert large-molecule globulin into small-molecule peptides through modern microbial fermentation technology. By controlling microbial metabolism and fermentation conditions, peptides with different amino acid sequences and different molecular weights can be produced. During the fermentation process, the free amino acids produced are reabsorbed and utilized by the microorganisms, and there is no feedback inhibition on the metabolism of microorganisms. Through the metabolism of microorganisms, amino acids and small peptides are transferred and rearranged, and certain peptide groups are modified and recombined. For example, soybean peptides produced by microbial fermentation using soybean soybean meal as raw materials have changed the inherent amino acid sequence of soybean proteins, modified the hydrophobic amino acid ends of the peptides, made the soybean peptides less bitter, have higher activity, and gave soybean peptides some biological activities. Function, belongs to the high-tech scope of bioengineering, high-tech content, and can be applied in food industry, fermentation industry, feed industry, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics industry and plant nutrition promoters and other industries. It has a very wide range of uses and a very broad development and application prospect.

· Acid method: The method of catalyzing protein to obtain peptides with chemical strong acid is called acid method. This method has large investment, large area, complicated process, large pollution, difficult to control molecular weight, chemical residues in products, difficult to form functions, and difficult to achieve industrial production. , Still in the laboratory to this day.

· Alkali method: The method of catalyzing proteins with a strong chemical base is called the alkali method. This method has the same purpose as the acid method, and the results are the same.

· Electric method: The method of electrolyzing protein is called electric method. This method has obvious advantages, low production cost, and good taste compared with enzymatic method.

· Artificial grafting method : It is the amino acid produced by fine chemical industry, and selective grafting is carried out selectively. This method basically uses a machine to operate, the output is large, the peptide produced is inactive, and the physiological function is not obvious.

· Gene expression method: Methods for isolating and extracting from animal blood or tissue are collectively called gene expression method. This method is important for research and production of "peptide drugs". Its representative products are:

Mainly divided into medical peptide drugs,

The active peptide was discovered in 1920, but it wasn't until 1958 that Professor Jerke biochemist Herbert Boyer, a professor of the University of California, California, and Herber Boyer devoted himself to studying 38 years of active peptides successfully produced using cell recombination technology. Synthetic quantity, quality and speed; control human disease and aging. Because of the discovery of the active peptide and the role of the active peptide, and won the Nobel Prize in biology that year.

Active peptide It is a substance secreted by the body itself, mainly distributed in nerve tissues and other tissues and organs. It is involved in the growth and development of the human body and the metabolism of the three major substances of protein, fat, and sugar. It is precisely because it increases or decreases the amount of secretion in the body, which controls the normal rate and quality of protein synthesis and the normal replication and synthesis of cells.

In 1990, Dr. Rudman (Rodman) formally proposed the theory to explain the causes of human diseases and aging, and for the first time applied active peptides to the realm of anti-aging and disease prevention. On April 19th of that year, the "New York Times" in the United States made a full-page report under the title "Magic Active Peptide of Source of Life".

In 1993, the most authoritative medical journal in the United States, "Science", published another explosive news: Dr. Herber Boyer's research on the use of HGH and Dr. Rudman's active peptides has been evaluated by authoritative institutions and has a value of more than $ 300 billion.

The discovery of active peptides has deciphered the key issues of human life, death, and death, and has opened a new era in the treatment of human diseases. Scientists found in experiments that active peptides acted as an automatic monitor that closely monitors cell expression and replication. When cells divide and replicate normally, the active peptide guarantees normal cell division and normal protein synthesis. When an error occurs in cell division, the active peptide immediately orders replication of the wrong cell to stop and repairs it. The active peptide can cut, splice and repair abnormal and wrong cells in time to ensure the normal synthesis of proteins and ensure that the human body is in a healthy state. ^[3]