What Is Instinct?

Instinct is the Chinese vocabulary of Chinese culture, which refers to its inherent ability to learn without learning.

[bn néng]

Words :

The thing itself has its own changing power which is the instinct of the thing. Instinct is the manifestation of its own changing behavior.

All things that exist specifically have instincts, all things that have instincts have abilities, and the change in the abilities of the innate things is the instinct of the things, and the things that have the instincts do not necessarily have

1. Humans and animals can behave without learning. Such as babies sucking milk, honey bees and so on.

Instinct example

Each member of an animal species has a typical, rigid, behavioral pattern that, in response to a special set of stimuli, acts in a fixed pattern. It is genetically fixed and appears one by one with maturity and proper stimulation experience during individual development. Foraging, self-defense, and reproductive actions, such as bird nesting, bee-making honey, and chicken hatching eggs, are all innate instincts of certain species.

For example, a fully developed normal animal can show some coordinated and complex fixed behaviors without learning, practicing, adapting, simulating, or experiencing. Spider webs, bee dancing, and bird migration are all instinctive behaviors. Instinct is not just a local response to a simple stimulus, but a series of behavioral activities performed according to a predetermined procedure. Like bird nesting, it can skillfully select and place nesting materials, and pull out its own feathers to line up in the nest. Instincts are formed during the evolution of animals and are fixed to reflect on the offspring. Although the procedures of instincts are complicated, simple, and lasting for a long time or a short time, they are common to the same species of animals. This is of great significance for maintaining the survival of animal races and breeding offspring. For example, the netting method and shape of the same kind of large-bellied spider (Atanea ventricosa) behaves approximately similarly in individuals; the processes of hive, dancing language, honey production and larval feeding created by the same bee are in thousands. The performance of tens of thousands of bee colonies is also very similar; the ducklings that have just hatched will walk, swim, feed, etc. These generally complex behaviors are not learned by individuals during their lives, but belong to non-conditioned reflex nerves. Activity is the instinct of the animal.

Instinct classification

Psychologist Sigmund Freud (May 6, 1856-September 23, 1939) divided human instincts into survival instincts and death instincts.

There are two basic types of human instincts: one is the instinct of life, and the other is the instinct of death or attack. The instinct of life includes sexual instinct and individual survival instinct. Its purpose is to maintain the reproduction of the race and the individual's survival. Freud is a pantheonist. In his eyes, sexual desire has a broad meaning, which refers to all people's desire for happiness. Sexual instinct is the internal motivation of all human psychological activities. When this energy (Flo Id calls it forceful.) Accumulation to a certain degree will cause the body to be nervous, and the body will have to find a way to release energy. Freud divides human sexual psychological development into five stages: the oral phase; anal phase; sexual buddy phase; incubation period; reproductive period. Newborn babies know how to suck breasts, and the nipple rubbing the mucous membranes of the lips causes pleasure, which is called orgasm. After 1 and a half years old, he learns to urinate and excrete, and the feces rub against the rectal and anal mucosa to produce pleasure, which is called anal sexual desire. After the child reaches the age of 3, he understands the difference between the two sexes, and begins to fall in love with heterosexual parents and jealous of same-sex parents. This stage is called the sexual desire period, which is full of complex contradictions and conflicts. Children will experience Oedipus. Complex (also known as Oedipus plot) and Electra complex (also known as Electra plot), this kind of relationship has more sexual significance, but it is only psychological sex and not physical sex . Only after the incubation period reaches puberty gonad maturity can there be adult sexual desire. Adult mature sexual desire takes genital intercourse as the highest satisfaction form, and the purpose of reproduction and reproduction of offspring, which has entered the reproductive period. Freud believes that the basic components of adult personality have basically formed in the first three stages of development, so the early environment and early experience of children play an important role in the formation of personality in adulthood. Both can be traced to traumatic experiences and depression complexes in early years. Freud later put forward the death instinct, that is, thanatos, as a force that motivated humans to return to the non-living state before life. Death is the end of life and the last stable state of life. Only then does life no longer need to fight to satisfy physiological desires. Only then is life no longer anxiety and depression, so the ultimate goal of all life is death. Death instinct results in all acts of destruction such as attack, destruction, war. When it turns to the inside of the body, it leads to individual blame and even suicide. When it turns to the outside world, it leads to attacks, hatred, murder, etc. on others.

Instinct characteristics

Freud believes that all aspects of personality originate from biological instincts. No matter how much emphasis is placed on this point. No matter how advanced a thought is, how great its achievements are, it must ultimately be related to the satisfaction of physiological needs. Freud's theory is the theory of hedonism, because he reasoned that humans, like other animals, constantly pursue happiness and avoid pain. When all physical needs are satisfied, one feels happy, and when one or more needs are not satisfied, one feels unwell. Therefore, the main motivation of humans is to obtain the steady state that is experienced when all physiological needs are met.

Habitologists believe that the characteristics of instinctual behavior are:

1. Have a purpose, and finally get food, water or a spouse

2. Conducive to the survival of individuals and species

3. Suitable for adapting to normal living environment

4, shared by individuals within the species

5 Appears as individuals grow and mature

6There may be learning components, but not the main one