What is the relationship between caspases and apoptosis?
Caspases are very important proteins that are necessary to complete apoptosis or programmed cell death in a wide range of organisms. Specifically, apoptosis refers to the intentional and beneficial death of cells in the body. Caspases are sometimes referred to as proteins of implementation due to a specific relationship between caspases and apoptosis. There are many different types of caspases that work together to cause physiological changes in cells that lead to cellular death.
Cyspases are cysteine proteases, which means that they are proteins that break down polypeptides. In particular, it affects amino acid cysteine, which is a common component in many different proteins. Although their basic components are relatively similar, different types of caspases with different specificities are necessary for apoptosis.
The relationship between caspases and apoptosis is very complex and is very interesting about biomedical research. There are several different types ofkaspases that are necessary to induce apoptosis. For example, initiator case -based URCitular parts of effector caspases and effectively "activate" them. These activated effector caspases are distinguished by certain cellular components that are necessary for continuing cell survival. Other proteins known as caspase inhibitors can effectively stop this process in different stages, thus preventing apoptosis.
Caspase regulation is necessary to ensure that the relationship between caspases and apoptosis is not harmful. Apoptosis is usually a good thing; If this happens too fast or too slow, it can be destructive. The primary regulation of caspases occurs after translation, which means that the regulation does not occur until genetic information is used. Caspases are therefore available immediately as needed, as proteisamotic NS are inhibited or activated, not their production. If the regulation occurred before the translation, there is a delay between the need for proteins and itsh real action, because proteins would have to be synthesized before they can act.
Caspases and apoptosis are partly remarkable because of their role in cancer. One of the characteristics of cancer is that cancer cells are not subject to apoptosis, so they are able to replicate indefinitely without succumbing to normal cell death. Many cancer tissue samples have been found to have very low levels of one or more caspase, so that the normal paths that lead to cellular death must not proceed to complete. Scientists are very interested in caspases and apoptosis due to the possibility of developing a therapeutic method based on the use of caspase to induce apoptosis.