What is a renal tube?

Renal tube is an important structure in the kidneys that contains tubular fluid, filtrate, which eventually becomes urine and is excreted from the body. Renal tubules are part of nephron, basic functional units of the kidney. Each normal human kidney has about 800,000 to a million nephrons and each nephron has a renal tube.

Renal tube is the end of nephron. After the tubular fluid leaves the renal tubules, it passes on the collection pipe system that connects nephron with urea through which urine is excreted. The renal tube has many important ingredients.

Tubular fluid begins as a glomerular filtrate consisting of a fluid filtered from blood with a glomerulus, other parts of nephron. When the filtrate leaves the glomerulus, it enters the proximal tubule, the first part of the renal tubule. The proximal tube is divided into two parts: the tangled part or pars convoluta and straight portion, or pars recta. Pars Convoluta has a greater cell complexity, but the difference between the two parts of the proximal tubeLu is not fully understood. The proximal tube regulates the pH of the filtrate, eliminates organic acids that the body does not need into the filtrate, and reabsorizes water and sodium into the blood through peritubular capillaries.

The central part of the renal tubule is called Henle loop, named after a German physician who discovered the structure in the 19th century. Henle loop is used to concentrate sodium and chloride, urea and other waste products in urine by reabsorbing water into the bloodstream. The Henle loop can be divided into five segments.

The first two parts of the loop Henle, a strong descending limb and a thin descending limb are highly permeable for water, but have lpropid for ions and urea. Another part, a thin ascending limb, is permeable for ions, but not for water. Medular thick ascending limb is also impermeable for water and in this part of the loop henle there is a harvest ion into the blood speechyou. Finally, a cortical ascending limb is a section that flows urine into a distal braided tubul, the last part of the renal tubule.

Distal combined tube helps to regulate urine pH by excreting positively charged protons, hydrogen atoms with one proton, into the urine and absorbing negatively charged bicarbonate. This helps to prevent blood from becoming too acidic. The distal combined tube also helps to regulate the levels of sodium, potassium and calcium in the blood.