How Do I Neutralize Sulfuric Acid?

The acid-base neutralization reaction refers to a reaction in which an acid and a base exchange components with each other to form a salt and water. The essence of the neutralization reaction is: H + and OH- combine to form water, or acid + base salt + water, but the reaction of salt and water formation is not necessarily a neutralization reaction. Therefore, as long as the acid-base reaction occurs, it is called neutralization. Regardless of the degree of progress, the determination of complete neutralization is based on whether the acid-base reaction happens to be completely complete. In the soil, because organic matter will generate organic acids during the decomposition process, the weathering of minerals may produce acidic materials, and acid pollution caused by air pollution will also cause the soil in some places to be acidic.

Neutralization reaction refers to the reaction between acid and base to form salt and water, such as the reaction of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. It is essentially a reaction in which a hydrogen ion in an acid and a hydroxide ion in a base are combined with each other to form water molecules that are difficult to ionize. ^[2]

After dissolving in water, it is ionized into freely moving anions and cations in water. For example, HCl is ionized into hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) and chloride ions (Cl ), while NaOH is ionized into sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) and hydroxide ions (OH ). Hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions combine to form water that is extremely difficult to ionize, so what remains in the solution are sodium and chloride ions. Sodium ions and chloride ions are still ionized in the solution and do not combine. But the product was NaCl. So the essence of the neutralization reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water.

Acid-base

Formula: acid + base salt

NaOH + HCl = NaCl + HO sodium hydroxide (commonly known as

The heat of neutralization refers to the heat of reaction in which acid and base are neutralized in a dilute solution to produce 1 mol of water. The heat of neutralization between a strong monoacid and a strong base is about 57kJ, regardless of the type of acid and base, because this is actually the heat of reaction when 1molH ⁺ reacts with 1molOH ^- to produce 1molH ₂ O. The heat of neutralization of weak acids, bases, and polybasic acids is not a constant value due to the influence of ionization heat. ^[4]

(1) The acidity and alkalinity of the soil. In the soil, organic matter is generated during the decomposition process.

(1) Use a phenolphthalein solution. Before the reaction, the phenolphthalein solution was dropped into the basic reactant, and the solution was red. Another reaction solution was slowly added dropwise, and the neutralization reaction proceeded to exactly complete reaction, and the redness of the solution was observed to disappear. This can indicate the progress of the neutralization reaction, and also the completion of the reaction. However, it cannot be explained whether the test solution becomes acidic by dripping too much acidic solution. (Phenolphthalein solution cannot make acidic solution color)

(2) pH test paper. Generally, when the neutralization reaction proceeds, the pH of the solution changes before and after the reaction. The most direct way to detect the progress of the neutralization reaction is to use pH. The pH test paper mainly includes a wide range of test papers and precision test papers.

(3) Detection temperature. Generally, neutralization reactions are exothermic reactions. But many reactions are exothermic reactions rather than neutralization reactions, such as the reaction of potassium thiocyanate being oxidized to thiocyanate.

(4) acid-base indicator. Put the acid-base indicator in the solution, the color of the acid-base indicator will change with the pH of the two solutions. This is the most direct method. Common acid-base indicators are colorless phenolphthalein (which turns red when alkali is encountered, but becomes colorless when encountering strong alkali with a high concentration due to structural changes), purple litmus (acid red base blue), and bromothymol Blue, methyl orange, etc.