What is in chemistry, what is monatomical?
In chemistry, the term "monatomical" often applies to a condition where elements occur in the form of individual atoms that are not bound to other atoms. This usually occurs for gases and all elements can achieve this condition with one atom at sufficient high temperatures. Each of the so-called noble gases-Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon-is naturally monatomic gas at standard temperature and pressure. The term has a somewhat different meaning in terms of ions, because monatomical ions are formed only by one element, but each such ion can contain several atoms of this single element. The related term of chemistry is a diatomic that refers to a molecule composed of two atoms that can be either the same element or from two different elements.
elements rarely exist in a monatomical state, especially if they are not in the form of gas. This is because the atoms tend to cluster together. In physical chemistry, this attraction between atoms and molecules is described in detailDer Waal. The noble gases are formed by very stable atoms and have low chemical reactivity and therefore can exist more easily in the monatomical state. These gases also share other properties, including that they have no color or odor.
ionty jsou částice s negativním nábojem, také nazývané anionty nebo kladný náboj, také nazývané kationty. Polyatomické ionty jsou tvořeny dvěma nebo více prvků. Monatomické ionty jsou tvořeny jedním prvkem a existují dva typy tohoto druhu iontu. Typ I jsou ionty tvořeny jedním jediným prvkem, který má vždy stejný náboj v iontové formě a vytváří buď kationty nebo anionty. Příklady toho jsou ionty stříbra a zinku. The type II ions are also formed by one only element, but in ion form these elements can consist of both anions and cations, as is the case with iron and copper.
Vlastnosti jediného atomu prvku se mohou lišitT než vlastnosti shluků atomůthe same element. For example, monatomic gold has a different color and different conductive properties than clusters of gold atoms. The hydrogen usually occurs in the form of gas, where two hydrogen atoms form one hydrogen molecule. Monatomic hydrogen is very rare and very unstable, but scientists believe that it could be used as a strong fuel, for example for space travel.