What is Gluon?
Gluons are force particles that exist in any atomic core and hold it together. They increase strong nuclear power, which is the strongest of the four forces of nature, 137 times stronger than electromagnetism and about 1.6 x 10
39 times stronger than gravity, the weakest force. Its restriction is that it only works at extremely small distances, a scale of the atomic core. At a distance of longer than one femtometer (width of the medium -sized atomic nucleus), the strong force begins to disappear.
Strong force holds together in space, except for dark matter that we know practically nothing. Thus, the atomic core consists of a combination of nucleons (protons and neutrons) and gluons.
Like a photon (light), Gluon has no matter. It represents only a package of strength. Unlike the photons, however, the gluons have their own "color" - the name for the charge in strong force - which means that you interact with them, create quantum chromodynamics (strong force) more complicated mathematically than quantum electrodynamics (electromagnetismUS). Physicists suspect that the "glueball", the aggregation of the righteous gluons without nucleons could be possible, but no one has been observed yet.
Gloon was first discovered in 1979 in the TASSO experiment in Deutsches ekenen-synchrotron (Desy) in Germany. In typical collisions between electrons and positrons (anti-electrons), a quark and antiques are formed and send two different particle nozzles that can be observed in the cloud chamber. But with sufficiently high energy, the third beam appears - which is gluons that escape the core. This provided experimental evidence of the existence of gluons whose existence was suspicious for a moment.
There are eight different types of gluons in total and three different types of "color" (strong force). Gluons are responsible for an unusual phenomenon called "imprisonment". No two particles of charged color can be separated from each other. Unlike electromagnetism where the charge between two objectsIt reduces when it moves away, the strong force remains constant and extremely strong. Only in the most overheated and worst environments (perhaps in the middle of the most massive neutron stars and in particle accelerators) make gluons and nucleons from various atomic cores of IntermeSh and become what is called plasma, free floating soup and nucleons.