What is Avogadro's law?

Italian scientist Avogadro assumed that in the case of "ideal gases", if the pressure (p), volume (V) and temperature (t) of two samples, then the number of gas particles in each sample is also the same. This is true regardless of whether the gas consists of atoms or molecules. The relationship applies, although the samples are compared different gases. The Avogadro's law itself has a limited value, but if it is in conjunction with the Boyle law, Charles's law and the homosexual law, an important equation of ideal gas is derived.

For two different gases, there are the following mathematical relations: p _{1 1 = k 1 and 1 p 2 in 2 /t 2 = k 2 . Avogadro's hypothesis, known today as Avogadro's law, suggests that if the left side of the above terms are the same, the number of particles in both cases is identicalE. The number of particles is therefore equal to other dependent on a different value of a particular gas. This other value includes particle weight; This means that they are related to their molecular weight. The Avogadro law allows these properties to be put into a compact mathematical form.}

The manipulation of the above leads to the ideal gas equation with the form of pv = nrt. Here the "R" is defined as the ideal gaseous constant, while "n" represents the number of moths or multiples of molecular weight (MW) gas in grams. For example, 1.0 grams of hydrogen gas - formula H _{2 , MW = 2.0 - is 0.5 mol. If the value of P is given in the atmosphere with in liters and t in the degrees of Kelvin, then it is expressed in the litter-atmosphere on the Mole-Glass Kelvin. Although PV = NRT is useful for many applications, in some cases the deviation is considerable.}

The difficulty lies in the definition of ideality; imposes restrictions that Cannot exists in a factthe world. The gas particles must not have any attractive or repellent polarities - this is another way to say that the collision between particles must be elastic. Another unrealistic assumption is that the particles must be points and their volumes, zero. Many of these deviations from ideality can be compensated by the inclusion of mathematical terms that carry physical interpretation. Other deviations require virial terms that unfortunately do not satisfy any physical properties; This does not suit the Avogadro's law into any quarrel.

Simple upgrading the ideal gas law adds two parameters "A" and "B". Reads (P+(N 2 and/V 2 ) (V-NB) = nrt. Although "A" must be determined experimentally, it is related to the physical characteristics of the particle interaction. The constant "B" also concerns the physical characteristics and takes into account the excluded volume.

While physically interpretable adjustments are attractive, they are unique advantages of using viral expansion terms. One is that they can bI will be used to closely compare reality, which allows explanation in some cases of liquid behavior. Avogadro's law, originally applied only to the gas phase, allowed a better understanding of at least one condensed state of matter.