What Are the Benefits of US Army Reserve Enlistment?

Reservoir, full name is the Chinese People's Liberation Army Reserve Force, is an integral part of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

[yù bèi yì]

Reserve, full name is

Prior to the First World War, European countries generally established reserve systems and stored a considerable number of reserve personnel. After the outbreak of war, Austria sent 4 divisions from the reserve army to participate in the war; Germany sent 29 divisions from the reserve army to participate in the war. After the Second World War, many countries in the world followed the path of combining lean standing forces and powerful reserve forces, and paid more attention to reserve construction. The Soviet Union formed a complete management system in the construction of reserve forces, which continuously expanded the scale of reserve forces. By the end of the 1980s, the number of reserve forces reached approximately 25 million. The United States has always emphasized the importance of reserve construction and regards reserve as the primary source of expansion of active forces during wartime. Reserve points

In ancient times, China had a reserve system. According to "Zhou Li · Guan Guan · Xiao Situ": "Everyone who acts as an apprentice does not have to be a family member and takes the rest as envy." That is to say, one person from each household performs official military service for the "frontal death", and the rest serves the reserve military service for the "xianzu". Since then, many dynasties have implemented a system of combining soldiers and peasants. Ding Nan plowed during busy hours, practiced martial arts during free time, and went to war during the war. In the thirty years of the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, a new military system was formally established, and the military service was divided into three types: standing soldiers, continuing soldiers, and reserve soldiers. After achieving victory against foreign armed invasion in 1794, France profoundly recognized the importance of adequate reserve forces, and made a clear distinction between active and reserve service. It officially established a reserve system and required citizens enlisted to serve in the military. In 1813, Prussia divided the army into the reserve army and the reserve army, and transferred to the reserve army after the service period of the reserve army expired;

Reserve Armband

Adopted at the 13th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on May 10, 1995

Promulgated by Order No. 48 of the President of the People's Republic of China on May 10, 1995

Effective from January 1, 1996 ^[1]

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution and the Military Service Law in order to improve the reserve officer system, improve the national armed forces mobilization system, and strengthen the building of national defense reserve forces.

Article 2 The reserve officers referred to in this law are reserve personnel who have been determined to be at the ranks of the People's Liberation Army Reserve or above, or at the junior professional or technical level, who have been granted the corresponding ranks of reserve officers and registered with the military service.

Article 3 Reserve officers are divided into military officers, political officers, logistics officers, and professional and technical officers according to the nature of their duties. Officers reserve are divided into two categories according to the needs of peacetime management and wartime mobilization: reserve officers who serve in the reserve force and those who are pre-programmed into the active force are reserve members of the first category; other reserve officers reserve for the second category.

Article 4 The management of reserve officers throughout the country is under the leadership of the State Council and the Central Military Commission and is under the leadership of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army.

The Political Department of the Large Military Region, the Provincial Military Region (Guard District, Security District), and the Military Division (Security District) is responsible for the management of reserve officers in the region.

The people's armed forces of counties, autonomous counties, cities without districts, and municipal districts (hereinafter collectively referred to as county people's armed forces) are responsible for the specific management of reserve officers in their respective administrative regions.

Article 5 Relevant departments of the State Council and local people's governments at various levels shall do a good job in the management of reserve officers in accordance with the division of responsibilities and the provisions of this law and relevant laws and regulations.

Article 6 The work unit where the reserve officer is located shall support the reserve officer in participating in military training, performing military services and fulfilling other military service obligations, and assist in the management of the reserve officer.

Article 7 Reserve officers shall abide by the Constitution, laws, regulations and relevant rules and regulations of the military, participate in military training and military service activities, receive political education, strengthen organizational command capabilities and professional skills, and be ready to serve on call at any time.

Article 8 The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of reserve officers in accordance with law.

Reserve officers enjoy the rights provided by this law for serving officers and enjoy the relevant treatment prescribed by the state.

Article 9 Reserve officers who have made outstanding contributions in fulfilling their military service obligations shall be awarded commendations, merit, or honorary titles in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission. ^[2]

Units that have made outstanding achievements in the work of reserve officers shall be commended or rewarded in accordance with relevant regulations.

Chapter II Source and Selection of Reserve Officers

Article 10 Reserve officers are selected from the following:

(1) Retired military officers and civilian cadres;

(B) retired soldiers;

(3) People's armed cadres and militia cadres;

(4) graduates of non-military institutions of higher learning;

(5) Other citizens who meet the basic requirements for reserve officers.

Article 11 Reserve officers shall meet the following basic requirements:

(1) Be loyal to the motherland and abide by the Constitution, laws and regulations;

(2) Obey orders and obey orders;

(3) The age for serving in the reserve of military officers in accordance with the provisions of this Law;

(4) Retired from active service or have received military professional training and passed the assessment, and possessed scientific and cultural knowledge, organizational command capabilities, or professional skills corresponding to their duties;

(5) Good health.

Article 12 The plan for the selection of reserve officers is determined by the Central Military Commission, and the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army organizes implementation in conjunction with relevant departments.

Article 13 In accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of this Law, reserve officers selected from retired officers and civilian cadres shall be advised by the political organs of units at or above the regiment level to transfer to reserve officers and approved in accordance with the prescribed authority Register with the reserve officer at the county people's armed forces in the resettlement area.

Selection of reserve officers from personnel other than those specified in the preceding paragraph shall be handled in accordance with the following procedures:

(1) Recommended by the grass-roots people's armed forces department or the unit in accordance with the plans and stipulated conditions issued by the superiors;

(2) Candidates of the county people's armed forces review and confirm candidates;

(3) The training unit organizes training;

(4) Examine and approve according to the prescribed authority;

(5) The county people's armed forces department handles the registration of reserve officers.

Chapter III Ranks and Positions of Reserve Officers

Article 14 The ranks of reserve military, political, and logistic officers are set as: normal division, deputy division, official division, deputy regimental, primary, post, secondary, secondary, and secondary ranks. Job.

The ranks of reserve professional and technical officers are: senior professional and technical positions, intermediate professional and technical positions, and primary professional and technical positions.

Article 15: Personnel who are determined to serve in the reserve of an officer shall be assigned a job rank.

The rank of persons who retire from active service and serve in the reserve of an officer shall be determined in accordance with the appointment and removal authority of the corresponding rank of the active officer.

The determination of job ranks for personnel serving in the reserve of officers other than those specified in the preceding paragraph shall be approved in accordance with the following authority:

(1) The determination of the ranks of division-level officers and senior professional and technical officers shall be approved by the chief head of the military-level unit;

(2) The determination of the rank of regiment officers and the ranks of intermediate professional and technical officers shall be approved by the head of the military-level unit with the authority to appoint and remove officers;

(3) The determination of the ranks of officers below the battalion level and the ranks of junior professional and technical officers shall be approved by the head of the division-level unit with the power to appoint and remove officers.

Article 16 Except for the ranks determined in accordance with the provisions of Article 15 of this law, the positions of reserve officers and reserve officers who are pre-assigned to the active force shall be appointed and removed in accordance with the following provisions:

(1) The authority to appoint and remove officers at the battalion level or above, and senior, intermediate, and junior professional and technical officers shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Article 15, paragraph 3 of this Law;

(2) The ranks of officers in the ranks of direct, deputy, and platoon officers shall be removed and removed by the head of the regiment-level unit that has the power to appoint and remove officers.

Article 17 Reserve officers shall be assessed. The assessment work shall be organized and carried out jointly by the army or the military service organ of the reserve officer and the relevant local departments in accordance with the relevant state regulations and in accordance with the division of responsibilities. The results of the assessment serve as the main basis for the appointment and removal of reserve officers.

Article 18 The determination of the rank of reserve officers and the appointment and removal of positions shall be handled in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Central Military Commission.

Chapter IV Ranks of Reserve Officers

Article 19 The ranks of reserve officers are set at the following third and eighth ranks:

(1) General Reserve Officer: Major General Reserve;

(2) Reserve school officials: reserve college, colonel, lieutenant colonel, and major;

(3) Reserve Captain: Captain, Lieutenant and Ensign.

Article 20 The ranks of reserve officers are divided into:

(1) Reserve military, political, and logistic officers: major general, reserve, colonel, colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain, lieutenant, and lieutenant;

(2) Professional and technical officers in reserve: Majors in reserve, majors, colonels, colonels, lieutenant colonels, majors, captains, lieutenants, and lieutenants.

Naval and Air Force reserve officers are respectively named "Navy" and "Air Force" before their ranks.

Article 21 Reserve officers shall be assigned ranks by rank.

Reserve military, political, and logistic officers have the following ranks:

Full-time teacher position: Reserve University Colonel, Major General;

Deputy teacher position: Reserve Colonel, Colonel;

Leadership: reserve colonel, lieutenant colonel;

Deputy League Position: Reserve Lieutenant Colonel, Major;

Main post: Reserve major, lieutenant colonel;

Deputy battalion: reserve captain, major;

Re-election: reserve captain and lieutenant;

Deputy Company: Reserve Lieutenant, Captain;

Recruitment: Reserve Lieutenant, Lieutenant.

Reserve professional and technical officers implement the following ranks:

Senior professional and technical positions: majors, reserve majors, colonels, lieutenants, majors;

Intermediate professional and technical positions: reserve technical college, colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain;

Junior professional and technical positions: reserve professional technical lieutenant colonel, major, captain, lieutenant, and second lieutenant.

Article 22 The rank of reserve officers is assessed and awarded on the basis of their rank, moral performance and work performance.

Article 23 The rank of reserve officer shall be granted in accordance with the following authority:

(1) Major generals and colonels in the reserve are approved by the Chairman of the Central Military Commission;

(2) The reserve colonel is approved and approved by the head of the military district-level unit;

(3) Reserve Lieutenant Colonels and Majors are approved and granted by the head of the military-level unit with the power to appoint and remove officers;

(4) The reserve captain, lieutenant and second lieutenant shall be authorized by the head of the division-level unit with the power to appoint and remove officers.

Article 24 The ranks of officers and civilian cadres who are transferred to the reserve of officers shall be determined according to the ranks of their original active officers or civilian cadres. ^[3]

Article 25 The rank of reserve officer shall be promoted in accordance with the following provisions:

(1) An officer who has been approved to retire from active service and serve in the reserve of an officer, whose rank has reached the end of the promotion period and meets the prescribed conditions, may have a reserve officer rank higher than the rank of his original active officer rank;

(2) As a result of the promotion of the rank of reserve officers, their ranks are lower than the lowest rank of the newly appointed rank, and they are promoted to the lowest rank of the newly appointed rank in advance;

(3) If the reserve lieutenant to the reserve colonel officer meets the prescribed conditions and the promotion period, the rank of reserve officer may be promoted level by level within the rank of the rank;

(4) The reserve colonel is promoted to the rank of major general and is promoted;

(5) If a reserve officer has outstanding achievements in fulfilling his military service obligations, his reserve officer rank may be promoted in advance.

The conditions, duration and procedures for promotion to the rank of reserve officer shall be determined by the Central Military Commission.

Article 26 The promotion of the rank of reserve officer shall be approved in accordance with the following authority:

(1) The promotion of reserve majors to reserve majors and reserve colonels to reserve majors shall be approved by the chairman of the Central Military Commission;

(2) The promotion of reserve lieutenant colonel to the rank of reserve lieutenant colonel shall be approved by the head of the military district-level unit;

(3) The promotion of a reserve major to a reserve lieutenant colonel and a reserve captain to a reserve major is approved by the chief of the military-level unit who has the power to appoint and remove officers;

(4) The promotion of reserve lieutenant to reserve lieutenant and reserve lieutenant to reserve lieutenant shall be approved by the head of the division-level unit who has the power to appoint and remove officers.

Article 27 If a reserve officer violates military discipline, he may be given a demotion penalty in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission. The authority to approve the rank reduction of reserve officers is the same as the authority to approve the rank of reserve officers.

Demotion of reserve officer ranks does not apply to reserve lieutenant officers.

Article 28 A person who has been revoked as a reserve officer shall be revoked from the rank of reserve officer. The authority to approve the removal of the rank of reserve officer is the same as the authority to grant the rank of reserve officer.

Article 29 If a reserve officer commits a crime and is sentenced to deprivation of political rights or imprisonment for more than three years, he shall be deprived of his rank as a reserve officer. The authority to approve the delisting of reserve officers is the same as the authority to approve the rank of reserve officers.

Article 30 After a reserve officer withdraws from the reserve, his reserve officer rank shall be retained, and his title shall be "retired".

Article 31 The epaulettes, symbol marks, and wearing methods of the ranks of reserve officers are promulgated by the Central Military Commission.

Chapter V Registration and Recruitment of Reserve Officers

Article 32 The registration of reserve officers shall be handled by the county people's armed forces department.

Those who are retired from service and determined to be transferred to the officer reserve shall register with the reserve officer when they report to the local resettlement department; other personnel shall register with the reserve officer at the same time when they are determined to serve with the officer reserve.

Those who are determined to serve in the reserve of officers and who work in state organs, social organizations, enterprises, and institutions shall register with the reserve officer at the county people's armed forces where the work unit is located; other personnel who are determined to serve in the reserve shall be armed to the people in the county where the household registration is located The Ministry handles the registration of reserve officers.

Article 33 If a reserve officer needs to change the registration place of the reserve officer due to work transfer or relocation, he should go through the transfer procedure and go to the county's People's Armed Forces Department within 30 days after arriving at the new work unit or residence. Go through the transfer formalities.

Article 34 If a reserve officer is under any of the following circumstances, the county people's armed forces department shall cancel its registration as a reserve officer:

(1) Withdrawing from reserve service;

(2) Those who settled abroad;

(3) who died;

(4) Being cancelled as a reserve officer.

Article 35 The County People's Armed Forces Department must, in accordance with regulations, check the reserve officers registered within its administrative area once a year, and report the statistics step by step.

Article 36 After receiving the notice of the call, reserve officers must report to the designated place according to the prescribed time; if the call is temporarily unavailable due to injury or other reasons, it must be verified by the county people's armed forces department and reported to the military service authority at the next higher level. Can postpone the call.

Chapter VI Training of Reserve Officers

Article 37 Personnel who have not served active duty or received military professional training and have been selected as reserve officers shall receive military professional training before determining the rank of reserve officers.

Article 38 During the period of reserve service, reserve officers shall receive military training and political education in accordance with the provisions of the Military Service Law and this Law.

Article 39 The State Council and the Central Military Commission may, when necessary, decide to implement emergency training for reserve officers. Reserve officers must receive emergency training in accordance with regulations.

Article 40 The military training outline and political education plan for reserve officers are formulated by the General Staff, General Political Department, and General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army.

Article 41 The training of reserve officers or reserve officers who are pre-programmed to serve in the active force shall be organized and implemented by their units; the training of other reserve officers shall be organized and implemented by the military service organs. The work unit where the reserve officer is located and the relevant departments of the local people's government shall assist.

Chapter VII Treatment of Reserve Officers

Article 42 The actual performance of reserve officers in fulfilling their military service obligations shall be used as one of the basis for the promotion of their positions and salary levels in their units; those who have made meritorious services or are awarded honorary titles shall enjoy the rewards and privileges given by the state and local places to the same meritorious recipients .

Article 43 Reserve military officers shall dress in accordance with regulations during military training and military service; if they participate in the National Day, the Army Day or other major celebrations, they may wear the uniform of the reserve officer and wear the badge and symbol of the reserve officer s rank Sign.

Article 44 During the period when a reserve officer participates in military training and performs military service, his work unit is a state organ, a social organization, an enterprise, or an institution, and his unit shall pay wages and bonuses, and the benefits and benefits enjoyed shall remain unchanged.

During the period of participating in military training and performing military service, reserve officers other than those stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall be granted subsidies for lost work. The specific methods and standards shall be prescribed by the people s governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

Reserve officers participate in military training and perform military services in accordance with state regulations to provide food subsidies and reimbursement of round-trip travel expenses.

Article 45 Reserve officers who participate in military training and complete training tasks in accordance with regulations shall be given appropriate subsidies in accordance with their ranks. The subsidy standards are set by the Ministry of Finance, the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army, the General Political Department, and the General Logistics Department, and the required funding is guaranteed by the central government.

Article 46 If a reserve officer sacrifice or is disabled during military activities such as participating in military training or performing military service, refer to the state's regulations on military benefits and treatment.

Chapter VIII Retirement of Reserve Officers

Article 47 A reserve officer shall withdraw from the reserve service when he has reached the maximum age for normal service.

Article 48 The maximum age of reserve military, political, and logistic officers who normally serve in reserve:

Fifty-five years old in a teacher-level position;

Fifty-five years old in a regiment position;

Fifty years old in a camp-level position;

Forty-five years old in company-level positions;

He is forty years old in a ranking position.

It is true that a small number of reserve officers, due to their work needs, can be appropriately extended in the maximum age for reserve service upon approval, but the extended age must not exceed five years.

Article 49 The maximum age of reserve professional and technical officers who normally serve in reserve:

60 years old in senior professional and technical positions;

Fifty-five years old who holds an intermediate professional technical position;

Fifty years old in a junior professional and technical position.

Article 50 Reserve officers who have not reached the maximum age for regular reserve service and are unable to continue in reserve due to injury, disability or other reasons shall withdraw from reserve service.

Article 51 The authority to approve reserve officers to withdraw from the reserve service is the same as that provided for in Article 15, paragraph 3 of this Law.

Chapter IX Legal Liability

Article 52 During the period when a reserve officer participates in military training and military service and violates discipline, he shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 53 If a reserve officer refuses or evades registration or military training and refuses to correct it through education, the local people's government shall compel him to perform his military service obligations.

During wartime, reserve officers refuse, evade recruitment or military training, and if the circumstances are serious, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Article 54 In the management of reserve officers, accepting bribes, malpractices for personal gain, or neglecting their duties and causing serious losses in reserve work, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if no crime is constituted, administrative sanctions shall be imposed according to law.

If the reserve officer is obstructed from participating in military training, performing military service, or performing other military service obligations, the local people's government shall order correction; if the correction is refused, the person directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.

Chapter X Supplementary Provisions

Article 55. This Law shall apply to personnel retired from the Chinese People s Armed Police Forces serving on the People s Liberation Army officers reserve.

Article 56 This Law shall enter into force on January 1, 1996.