What Factors Affect Bladder Control?

Bladder eversion is a rare and complicated congenital malformation, which is an abnormal development of the clonal membrane in the embryonic period, hinders the migration of mesenchymal tissue and the normal development of the lower abdominal wall, and causes a series of congenital abnormalities such as bladder eversion and upper urethral fissure. . The neonatal incidence rate is 1/3 to 40,000. The incidence is higher in men than in women, ranging from 2 to 5: 1. The etiology is complicated, and it is mostly caused by some factors during the embryonic development, which may be related to genetic factors. Bladder eversion not only brings great pain to the patient's spirit and life, but also is prone to urinary tract infections. If left untreated, in addition to patients suffering from pains unimaginable by ordinary people, half of the patients died of complications from adulthood.

Basic Information

English name

ectopia of urinary bladder; extrophy of bladder

Visiting department

Urology

Multiple groups

Newborn, male

Common causes

It is caused by certain factors during embryonic development, and may be related to genetic factors

Common symptoms

Bladder is not closed, open, eversion, etc.

Causes of Bladder Eversion

It is an abnormal development of the clonal membrane in the embryonic period, which hinders the migration of mesenchymal tissue and the normal development of the lower abdominal wall, leading to a series of congenital abnormalities such as eversion of the bladder and upper urethra.

The etiology is complicated, and it is mostly caused by some factors during the embryonic development, which may be related to genetic factors.

Clinical manifestations of bladder eversion

1. The bladder is not closed and open and valgus is in the midline of the lower abdomen.

2. The lower part of the eversion bladder is connected to the urethra which is open between the two penile cavernous bodies, forming a complete upper urethral fissure.

3. The upper edge (head side) of the eversion bladder is where the umbilical cord attaches, but it cannot form an umbilical foramen.

4. On both sides of the bladder eversion, the smooth left and right pubic ends can be touched, the distance can reach 5 ~ 7.5cm. The rectus abdominis is fixed on the pubis, so the rectus abdominis is also split on both sides of the eversion bladder.

5. It is easy to find the ureteral openings on both sides of the bladder wall, but retrograde renal pelvic infection and hydronephrosis are rare.

6. Inverted bladder babies often have inguinal hernias (especially in boys).

7. The clitoris of the baby girl's bladder eversion and urethral fissure is located on both sides of the urethral fissure. The labia are divided into two sides on the ventral midline.

8. Near the proximal ends of the two penile cavernous bodies of the baby boy are attached to the upper branch of the pubic bone, and the penis cavernous body rotates forward and laterally, plus the penis and urethra are turned upwards on the ventral side. And rough.

Bladder eversion treatment

Treatment principle

(1) Restoring the bladder or an appropriate reservoir to control urination.

(2) Lift the valgus treatment and eliminate the pain caused by the outer umbilical mucosa.

(3) Repair abdominal wall defects, penile deformities and upper urethral fissure.

(4) Restore fertility.

2. Purpose of Surgery

(1) Repair bladder and abdominal wall defects;

(2) Correct urinary incontinence, control urination, and protect renal function;

(3) Repair the male penis to get as close to normal appearance and function as possible.