What Is Angioneurotic Edema?
Angioedema, also known as angioedema, giant urticaria. Vascular edema affects the deep layers of the skin (including subcutaneous tissues), and most often occur in loose skin tissues, and localized edema occurs.
Basic Information
- nickname
- Angioedema, giant urticaria
- English name
- angioedema
- Visiting department
- dermatology
- Common locations
- Loose skin tissue
- Common symptoms
- Edema
Causes of angioedema
- The cause of angioedema is similar to urticaria. Common causes are: food and food additives; inhalants; infections; drugs; physical factors such as mechanical stimuli, cold and heat, sunlight; . Hereditary angioedema is caused by decreased and inactive levels of C1 esterase inhibitors in the blood and tissues.
Clinical manifestations of angioedema
- It is an acute localized edema, which mostly occurs in loose tissues, such as eyelids, lips, foreskin and extremities, scalp, ears, and oral mucosa, tongue, and throat. The skin is tense and shiny at the skin, the state is not obvious, it is light red or pale, the texture is soft, and it is non-concave edema. The patient was consciously not itchy or mild, or had numbness. The swelling subsided after 2 to 3 days, or lasted longer, leaving no trace after subsiding. Single or repeated in the same area, often with urticaria. When vascular edema occurs in the laryngeal mucosa, there may be tightness, discomfort in the throat, hoarseness, difficulty breathing, and even suffocation. Generally no systemic symptoms.
Angioedema examination
- Increased blood eosinophils can increase IgE. C1 esterase inhibitor-deficient patients with angioedema lacking C1INH or only inactive C1INH can also be accompanied by abnormal complement component (C1, C4, C2) levels in the anterior segment of the complement system.
Angioedema diagnosis
- The diagnosis of neuroedema is considered based on the localized non-concave edema, which is reddish or pale, and the swelling subsides after 2 to 3 days without leaving any traces. After the diagnosis is established, relevant pathogenic factors should be found.
Differential diagnosis of angioedema
- A single rash needs to be differentiated from worm bite. In addition, it should be distinguished from facial malignant skin malignant reticular hyperplasia, superior vena cava obstruction syndrome, and Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. The disease needs to be distinguished from papular urticaria and erythema polymorpha.
Angioedema treatment
- Find the cause and remove it first.
- Anti-histamine receptor H 1 antagonists are often used for symptomatic treatment. For stubborn patients who are not effective with anti-histamine receptor antagonists, anti-histamine receptor H 2 antagonists such as cimetidine (methyl cyanide) can be combined. Mimi) or lanidine, sometimes satisfactory results can be obtained. Ketotifen can also be used in combination.
- Sympathomimetic drugs are mainly used for acute urticaria and / or neuroedema, especially in patients with laryngeal edema. 0.1% epinephrine is injected subcutaneously, and severe acute allergic reactions can be injected every 20 to 30 minutes. At the same time, glucocorticosteroids were given intravenously and aminophylline was given orally or intravenously. For the edema of the respiratory tract, especially the larynx, a tracheotomy or intubation should be performed if necessary to keep the respiratory tract open.
- Attenuated androgenic male hormones such as danazol, stanazol (Stanozolol), oxymetholone (Anadrolone) and other treatments for congenital C1INH deficiency, can correct their biochemical defects and have the effect of preventing seizures, but cannot be used in children and For pregnant women, the latter can only be treated with anti-plasmin drugs such as 6-aminocaproic acid, which can sometimes control spontaneous attacks.