What is Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome?

Chinese name

Monjosen Syndrome

Menjosen Syndrome, also known as Minh Howard Syndrome, Baron Munchausen Syndrome; Hospitalization; Ahasverus Syndrome, Ming Shawson Syndrome; Patients pretending to be emergency seekers, Manchuson Syndrome, Menjosen syndrome Or create their own disease to win sympathy for care or control of others, and the other is proxy Menjosen's syndrome or proxy dysfunction. The formal definition is that the caregiver fabricates or induces the physical and mental illness of the person being cared for, usually the mother is a child The most complex and deadly form of abuse.

Basic information of Menjosen syndrome

Chinese name

English name : Munchausen syndrome

Basic explanation of Menjosen syndrome

Menjosen's syndrome can be divided into general Menjosen's syndrome and agent-type Menjosen's syndrome , and their symptoms have a wide range. It refers to a method of describing and fantasizing the symptoms of a disease, pretending to be sick, or even physically disabling oneself or others in order to obtain Sympathetic mental illness.

Origin of Monson's Syndrome Vocabulary

In the 18th century, there was a baron named Meng Qiaosen in Germany, who always used pretending to be sick to attract the attention of others, and pretended to be superb. In 1851, an article published in the well-known British medical journal "The Lancet" first named this symptom after "Meng Johnson Syndrome". And Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy means that the patient causes others to take the role of disease instead of themselves, gains attention and obtains medical intervention.

Basic concepts of Monjosen syndrome

General Monjosen syndrome patients are regarded as abnormal suicide behavior. Patients will constantly report to people around them that they have various diseases and mimic the symptoms of the disease, but after diagnosis, they will find that the patient is actually not diseased. Some patients are very knowledgeable about the disease and have near-professional relevant knowledge. As a result, they will falsify the doctor's diagnostic report, and they are not only disgusted by taking medicine, injections, hospitalizations, or operations, but they are very excited and happy. The worst patients hurt themselves, making their symptoms more consistent with the illness they describe. Surrogate Monjosen syndrome is a symptom of fictitious others, especially children, juniors, siblings and others who need care. There are also cases in which nurses misrepresented patients to their doctors. Severe agent-type Menjosson's syndrome puts toxic drugs in the drinking water and food of the people they care for. For example, Beverly Allit, a pediatric nurse known as the Angel of Death in the UK, injected potassium chloride into the child during work, which caused cardiac arrest and hypoglycemic insulin. Four children died and at least five were injured.

Based on clinician experience, when parents or caregivers are seen concocting a child s illness, they may be fed laxatives, emetics or other drugs, salt or mineral oil, causing abdominal pain or diarrhea, or putting excreta in the child Drinking water or injecting blood into the blood vessel can make your child infected with bacteremia, or add blood to your child's urine or vomit, creating bleeding.

Doctors said that the conditions created at first glance are consistent with medical common sense, but there is no single disease that can describe all kinds of exaggerated conditions. These parents or caregivers usually encourage doctors to arrange more examinations or surgery for their children, and are unwilling to leave the hospital. ; Only by observing parent-child interaction in secret, or asking other family members and medical staff to help pay attention, can the diagnosis rate of such diseases be improved.

Parents in this category usually have a wealth of medical knowledge or are themselves medical staff, so the illness they create is often lifelike. At first glance, it is consistent with the reasoning of medical knowledge, but there is no disease that can be used to summarize the exaggerated diseases that he describes. In addition, they are extremely extreme. Praise the physician. Encourage doctors to arrange examinations. Interest in medical procedures outweighs concern for the child's condition and is unwilling to leave the hospital.

Pathology and treatment of Meng Johnson syndrome

Case Study of Monjosen Syndrome

The perverted father in the CM is a first-aid officer of the fire brigade. In order to satisfy his perverted psychology, he poisoned his wife and then given first aid, which eventually led to his wife's premature death. But his wife's departure did not let him restrain his desires. Instead, he forced his son to hang him to satisfy him, and launched a "suffocating" internet attack game to let the students in school commit suicide in disguise and satisfy his desire for first aid.

This is a very shameless act, but because the externally presented rescue gives people and their positive feelings, it is not easy to be noticed and cannot be strongly morally condemned. Therefore, such child abuse must be highly vigilant disease.

In the United States, when a case is found, some of the children may die, when the same family has a second. When three children are involved, professionals will be aware that mother's love may also be distorted into weird and pathogenic sexual abuse, and this abuse is not as easily classified as assault or sexual assault. Children are often not a playground in the hearts of parents Growing up, but constantly running in the hospital, the focus of life is completely based on fictional diseases, caregivers and doctors become accomplices, and doctors often become unaided accomplices. They often believe what their families say, so the doctor must have a mentality. It takes a lot of adjustment to see the facts. In fact, the parent s narrative may be incorrect, the test results are normal, no treatment is effective, and more tests are not enough, because the parents are the perpetrators, and the most obvious lies may not be It's mixed, some children do show some symptoms, but the symptoms are usually hidden by the offender. There was a case in the United States where a child kept getting sick from the age of three. The mother found that when others praised her for her hard work, she got from it. When they are recognized, they start to harm their daughter constantly, such as giving the child unclean food and letting the child This situation lasted for nearly ten years. Later, the medical staff discovered that the mother hit the stomach with the feeding tube when feeding, and found that there was a germ in the feeding tube. Later, it was known that the mother actually beat the feces into the feeding tube, causing countless children. The cause could not be found in the first operation.

Surrogate Monjosen syndrome (surrogate Monjosen syndrome), also known as surrogate dysentery, is usually a condition concocted or created by an adult, causing the child to receive unnecessary medical treatment, resulting in unnecessary psychological, spiritual, and physical harm. It is manifested that patients seek medical treatment everywhere and bite the hospital in every possible way. In order to achieve this goal, many false symptoms can be fabricated by lying, bragging, or even hurting their own body. It conflicts with hospital staff, and is immediately discharged from the hospital with a little discomfort. Repeatedly. Physicians who have traveled to many hospitals said that the disease is not easy to detect. Usually, it is by observing parent-child interaction in the dark by others, or by careful attention of medical staff during medical treatment, in order to improve the diagnosis rate.

In 1951, the British psychiatrist asher officially referred to this syndrome as munchhausen syndrome.

Symptoms of Monjosen syndrome

Bragging about lying to provide doctors with false emergency accommodation and symptoms.

I do not hesitate to destroy my body and make people believe.

He repeatedly entered multiple hospitals.

Patients are mostly younger women engaged in medical work and have special relationships with some people in the hospital.

Most patients have trauma, but seek medical treatments everywhere and even hurt themselves but the purpose is unknown.

Make up stories to reflect his own talents. For example, the supervisor made up news of layoffs, and then told his subordinates that after their own efforts, the work of the subordinates was kept.

Institute the relationship between colleagues and then reflect the ability to deal with interpersonal relationships. For example, speaking to two selected target colleagues, both sides are designing to frame each other, and then act as mediators to resolve the interpersonal crisis that the two colleagues did not exist. .

Refuses to help colleagues in difficult times to play a role in turning the tide at critical moments.

Unwilling to share more important work information or materials.

Munchhausen syndrome is different from fraud and has no obvious purpose. Some scholars believe that some patients with Monjosen Work Syndrome are unconscious and a mental illness. However, there is also a fairly general view that people with Monjosen Work Syndrome are not unconscious and their behavior is corporate politics and The performance of workplace conspiracy.

Elements of Monson's syndrome

Evidence indicates that the person intentionally caused or misrepresented another person's symptoms of illness.

The motivation of this person appears to be to participate in caring for the sick

No other reason can explain his purpose of harming others, such as there is no such thing as cheating.

This person has no other mental illness. Their personalities are generally selfish and naive, and they lack a caring and loving person during their growth. Typical cases

People with surrogate Monjosen syndrome usually have a strong desire to control. They usually have difficulty controlling their emotions and often have symptoms such as anxiety and depression.

Causes of Monjosen Syndrome

The specific cause is not clear, but physical and psychological problems will affect the formation of the disease. Children with a long history of illness, children who have experienced happiness in being cared for, and children who are often overlooked by parents are more likely to get the disease. Personality disorders are also strongly associated with the disease, and some even believe that the symptoms are related to depressive urges. Studying the cause of a patient is difficult because they often misrepresent their condition.

Motivation for Menjosen Syndrome

The specific cause is not clear, but physical and psychological problems will affect the formation of the disease.

Children with a long history of illness, children who have experienced happiness in being cared for, and children who are often overlooked by parents are more likely to get the disease.

Personality disorders are also associated with this disease. For example, the abuser lacked attention and attention from an early age and lacked self-confidence for a long time, so he used this method to control his life.

Some people think that the symptoms are related to depressive urges.

Typical cases of Monjosen syndrome

In 1995, Kristin, a veteran nursing hospital in Cape Town, Mass., Was estimated to have killed 75 people at the time of her arrest.

Diagnosis and treatment of Monjosen syndrome

Menchausen syndrome with psychiatric symptoms is difficult to cure. Recognizing a patient's camouflage can certainly reduce their nervousness, but their requirements will continue to escalate and eventually exceed the doctor's ability. If he is denied his treatment request in person, he will Annoyed him, so he went to another hospital for treatment. The patient often refused psychiatric treatment or tried to fool the past, but generally still received consultation and follow-up, which can at least help him through the crisis. In fact, we treat this kind of patient. The treatment is limited to early identification and diagnosis, and try to avoid dangerous test methods or excessive unnecessary medication.

For those patients with congenital disorder, a corresponding diagnosis should be given instead of blaming. When giving a patient an acceptable diagnosis, the doctor should also tell the patient that as long as he cooperates with the doctor, he can solve the surface disease. Psychological problems. A family member is usually required during treatment, and the patient's problem should be discussed as a disease rather than deceptive behavior, for example, telling the family members the mechanism of the disease. If the patient declares that he is sick but cannot be detected Any symptom, and the phenomenon he enumerated is very specific and precise, close to typical symptoms. When he is further examined, he will be opposed, and when he is satisfied with his treatment and care, the patient is likely to have Monjosen syndrome. For patients with surrogate Monjosen syndrome, it is easy to cause anxiety when they are deprived of their right to care. Interestingly, although patients like to lie about having various diseases and receiving treatment at the same time, they are reluctant to admit that they have Monjosen syndrome and cure them. The treatment of this disease mainly relies on psychological treatment, especially channeling and communication. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the communication between patients and their relatives, and restrict relatives from giving excessive care when they are sick. There are few effective medical treatments for this disease, and it is very difficult to completely cure it.

Menjosen Syndrome

Basic information of Menjosen syndrome

Surrogate Monjosen syndrome (surrogate Monjosen syndrome), also known as surrogate dysentery, is usually an adult concocted or made a child's illness, which causes the child to receive unnecessary medical treatment, resulting in psychological and physical harm. The doctor said that the disease is not easy It was found that usually by observing parent-child interaction in the presence of others, or by careful attention of medical staff during medical treatment, the diagnosis rate could be improved.

Basic concepts of Monjosen syndrome

Acting for Menjosen's syndrome is not pretending to be ill, but making people around you sick and then taking good care of them. To outsiders, they are very caring carers. They like to make such an impression on others. In order to "create" the person they care for, they will intentionally hurt each other, and if they are not careful, they will be killed. Generally speaking, surrogate Monjosen syndrome patients have some medical knowledge, and even they are doctors or nurses.

Monjosen Syndrome

Monjosen syndrome patients have a powerful "patient mask". They like to be patients in order to get the care and care of others. This mask may have been obtained during a certain illness. The patient's mask was strengthened and retained because of illness and receiving the care and attention of others. This mask is inspired when he needs the care and care of others, or when others do not care enough for him.

If there is a mask, there will be a corresponding mask. The corresponding mask for the patient mask is the doctor (or nurse) mask. Under normal circumstances, the patient's mask is used by himself. The doctor's (nurse's) mask is projected to the doctor, nurse or family, so he runs to the hospital for three days and two days, dealing with medical staff all day, or forcing his family to play the role of medical staff to care. And take care of him. If the doctor's (nurse's) mask is not projected to others, but used by himself, then there will be acting Menjosen syndrome .

For patients with Monjosson syndrome, the patient's mask is the subject's mask, and the doctor's (nurse's) mask is the subject's mask; for surrogate Monjosen's syndrome, the doctor's (nurse's) mask is the subject's mask, and the patient's mask is the object mask. He projected the patient mask on those around him, making them sick.

Most people have played "Doctor and Patient" games as a child. It is said that this game has a sexual color. Even if I haven't played this kind of game, from childhood to age, I have always been ill and have seen a doctor. Therefore, everyone has a patient mask and a doctor (nurse) mask. Under normal circumstances, these two masks will not be too strong, only if they or their family members are really sick, they will be used.

It is not that patients with strong patient masks and doctor (nurse) masks will develop Monjosson's syndrome and surrogate Monjosson's syndrome. Only when they are strong enough will Monjosen's syndrome and surrogate Monjosson's syndrome develop.

People with slightly stronger patient masks are only more sensitive to changes in the body, as seen in patients with somatization disorders and suspected conditions. They are not born out of nothing, but they do have physical discomfort, just amplifying their symptoms. The patients with Monjosson's syndrome are purely pretending to be ill. They fabricated symptoms and even caused them to mislead the doctors and make them misdiagnosed. In fact, he was not ill at all.

People with slightly stronger doctors (nurses) masks are more suitable as medical staff, because they are sensitive to the health of others, and they like to take care of others, but only if they are really sick. And the doctors (nurses) who represent Menjosen's syndrome patients are more powerful than medical staff. They not only like to take care of sick people, but also make others sick and "make" themselves. Dr. Jianghu also likes to create patients, describing no illness as sick, and minor illness as serious, but he does so for financial reasons. And the surrogate Monjosson syndrome patients have no utilitarianism at all, purely to take care of others and take care of others.

Other explanations for Monjosen syndrome

Some people also think that acting on behalf of patients with Monjosen syndrome is purposeful. His purpose is to control others, including the body and spirit of the person being cared for, as well as controlling the impression of others on him, that is, he is considered to be a caring person, regardless of personal gains and losses. Dedicated to the patient (or family). In fact, this is not the purpose, but the "duty" of the doctor (nurse) mask. He just played the role of doctor (nurse) to the extreme.