What Is Onychodystrophy?

A malnutrition is a multifactorial cause of nail damage. Often involves all fingers and toenails. The patient's fingernails are thin, cloudy, deformed, and fragile. Nail surface is tarnished and rough. Mediastinum and nail peeling are often present. Fungal microscopy was negative. No effective treatment. Some patients' disease gradually eased with age.

Basic Information

English name: dystrophia unguium
English alias: onychodystrophy
Visiting department: dermatology
Common locations: A

Common causes: It can be congenital insufficiency of nail formation, and it can also be caused by acquired nail disorders
Common symptoms: Nail becomes thin, cloudy, deformed, and brittle. Nail surface is tarnished and rough, often with mediastinum and nail peeling

A Causes of Malnutrition

Nail dystrophy can be congenital hypothyroidism, and is also seen in acquired nail dystrophy. Congenital nail dystrophy is caused by autosomal dominant inheritance of congenital ectodermal dysplasia, or bullous epidermolysis, or nail metatarsal syndrome, or pestle-shaped fingers leading to incomplete nail formation, developmental defects, and congenital malformations , Or secondary to a systemic disease caused by dominant inheritance. Acquired nail malnutrition causes many causes of poor nail growth. It can be directly caused by nutritional deficiencies, including vitamin deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, etc .; it can be caused by various types of acute infectious diseases or other acute diseases. Can be caused by chronic wasting diseases, especially hypothyroidism caused by hypothyroidism, poisoning, liver disease, blood circulation disorders, pulmonary dysfunction; many skin diseases such as psoriasis, malignant alopecia areata, lichen planus, syphilis, leprosy, Systemic scleroderma, follicular keratosis, palmoplantar keratosis and premature aging can all be accompanied by nutritional disorders of nails. Other factors such as trauma, frostbite, burns, and many local factors can also be caused.

A clinical manifestations of malnutrition

Clinically, 20 nail dystrophies are common, showing that the 20 decks are all thin or thick, and the surface has thin and fine lines on the surface, such as sandpaper-like appearance, the mats are milky and cloudy, with cuts or longitudinal Alas. There was no change in the first and second weeks. More common in adolescents from 18 months to 18 years of age, most of them resolve in adults, and a few adults develop symptoms. There are also patients with dull nails and sandpaper-like appearance, whose etiology is unknown, and may be idiopathic, and some may be caused by partial eclipse and malnutrition. But no skin, hair, teeth and oral mucosal lesions.

A malnutrition check

Scrape the diseased nail fragments for direct fungal microscopy and fungal culture to exclude onychomycosis. If necessary, pathological examination and systemic examination.

A malnutrition diagnosis

The hands, feet, or 20 finger (toe) nail decks are thinned or thickened, turbid and dull, the surface is rough, the mediastinum is visible, the free edge may have nail separation, and there is no surrounding inflammatory damage such as paronychia. Fungal microscopy was negative and antifungal drugs were ineffective.