What is Polydactyly?

Words with two or more meanings are called polysemes. Polysemes are polysemes, and several meanings are often related. Polysemy is the symmetry of "unisense". Polysemes are words that have several meanings that are different and related to each other. These meanings are escapes, extended, derived, or derived meanings that belong to the same original meaning (basic meaning). To reflect the increasingly complex objective phenomena in the development of social production, it is inevitable that the original words are used to represent other related things, so that the meanings of the old and new words coexist. ^[1]

[du yì cí]

Polysemes are mostly common words that are most closely related to life.

Some words have several interconnected meanings and are polysemous. Among the several meanings of polysemes, some are original or commonly used meanings, called basic meanings; some are meanings derived from basic meanings, called extended meanings; some are meanings fixed by metaphorizing other things with basic meanings, called metaphorical meaning . When used, it usually means only one of the meanings in a certain context (context). Such as:

Economic principle

A large number of polysemous words satisfy the economic principle of language-reflecting unlimited objective things with limited words, but it also causes certain difficulties for us to understand and use language. Here are three examples, and try to follow the context. Infer the meaning of the dotted polysemy.

(1) Isn't it high, Chijo? But it is not enough to describe the depth of the sea.

This book is deep and not easy to understand.

This cloth is too dark to make summer clothes.

(2) He has gone too far and can't keep up.

Drive the animals out.

He rushed to write this article in his busy schedule.

(3) The stool is not strong. Take a nail and nail it.

It's not easy to do something, touch nails everywhere.

To learn polysemy, you must understand what it means, and which words are often matched with different meanings. When reading, you can infer which meaning is used according to the context. When writing, pay attention to whether the polysemy used accurately expresses what you want to say the meaning of.

Polysemous words are often examined in conjunction with rhetorical techniques, such as "parables, metaphors, puns, etc."; sometimes they are also examined with sick sentences, such as "unclear meaning"; sometimes they are also examined with synonyms. In the reading of ancient texts, the setter examines both the polysemy of real words and the polysemy of virtual words. To distinguish polysemous words, we should start from the following aspects:

Analysis of Polysemes from Phenomenon

For example, (1) He is not difficult to ask for, he speaks so well. (2) He's such a good speaker.

It is not difficult to judge that "good" in (1) is pronounced "easy and convenient". (2) The sound of "good" is pronounced, meaning "like, hobby".

Analysis of Polysemes from Word Meaning

For example, (1) the mountain is full of rhododendrons. (2) The cuckoo came from the woods.

Among them, "Azalea" in (1) refers to "Azalea", and "Azalea" in (2) refers to "Azalea".

Analysis of Polysemous Words from Part of Speech

For example, (1) he attended the conference as a student representative. (2) He attended the conference on behalf of Xiao Li.

Obviously, "representative" in (1) is a noun, and "representative" in (2) is a verb.

Analysis of Polysemes from Context

For example, (1) To turn off the TV, we have to learn the files. (2) Please note that you will need to bring your study documents in the afternoon.

It can be seen from the context that the "learning document" in (1) refers to an activity undertaken; the "learning document" in (2) is an item to be taken, not an activity to be performed.

Analysis of Polysemes from Collocation

For example, (1) we must learn advanced and catch up. (2) He is catching flies. (3) He wrote this article in a hurry.

Among them, the combination of "catch" and "advanced (human)" in (1) means "chasing"; the combination of "catch" and "fly (insect)" in (2) means "expulsion"; The combination of "rush" and "article (involving tasks)" in (3) means "to speed up action so that time is not lost".