What is the Human Genome Project?

The Human Genome Project (HGP) is a large-scale, transnational and interdisciplinary scientific exploration project. Its purpose is to determine the nucleotide sequence of the 3 billion base pairs contained in the human chromosome (referred to as haploid ) , to draw a map of the human genome, and to identify the genes and sequences contained in it to decipher humans. The ultimate purpose of genetic information.

Human Genome Project

The Human Genome Project (HGP) is a large-scale, transnational and interdisciplinary scientific exploration project. Its purpose is to determine the composition of humans

Research on the human genome has taken shape in the 1970s.

The human genome was selected for research because humans are the most advanced organisms in the "evolution" process. Research on it helps to understand themselves, master the laws of life, death, disease diagnosis and treatment, and understand the origin of life.

Human disease contribution

Human disease-related genes are structures and functions in the human genome

Human

1. Formation of life science industry

Because genomic research is closely related to industrial sectors such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, agriculture, food, chemistry, cosmetics, environment, energy, and computers, more importantly, genomic research can be transformed into huge productivity. A number of large international pharmaceutical companies and On a large scale, chemical industry companies have invested heavily in the field of genome research, forming a new industry sector, the life sciences industry.

Some of the world's largest pharmaceutical groups have invested in the establishment of genomic research institutes. Ciba-Geigy and Ssandoz jointly established Novartis, and spent $ 250 million to establish an institute to carry out genomic research. Smith Kline spends $ 125 million to accelerate

• Genome projects of model organisms including mice, fruit flies, nematodes, zebrafish, yeast, etc.

• Human Metagenome Project: Sequence the genomes of symbiotic flora used in humans and study the functions of genes related to human development and health.

• International Human Genome Haplotype Map Project (HapMap Project for short): The goal is to construct a common pattern of polymorphic sites in human DNA sequences. Because the genomes of each individual (except twins and cloned animals) are unique, it is necessary to map the differences between individuals on the genome. Its completion will provide key information for researchers to identify relevant genes that have an impact on human health and disease, as well as on drug and environmental responses.

• Human Genome Diversity Research Program: Research and compare the genomes of different races, ethnic groups, and populations. This program will provide important information for disease surveillance, human evolutionary research, and anthropological research. ^{[2] [4]}