What is Thrombocytopenia?

An abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in peripheral blood (less than 10 ^ 10 / L when using direct platelet counting). Under normal circumstances, when platelets <50 × 10 ^ 9 / L, there is a risk of skin and mucosal bleeding; <20 × 10 ^ 9 / L, there is a high risk of spontaneous bleeding; <10 × 10 ^ 9 / L is extremely dangerous.

An abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in peripheral blood (less than 10 ^ 10 / L when using direct platelet counting). Under normal circumstances, when platelets <50 × 10 ^ 9 / L, there is a risk of skin and mucosal bleeding; <20 × 10 ^ 9 / L, there is a high risk of spontaneous bleeding; <10 × 10 ^ 9 / L is extremely dangerous.

Chinese name

Thrombocytopenia

Foreign name

thrombopenia

Thrombocytopenia I. Causes and common diseases:

(1) Cause:

1. Inadequate platelet production:

Visible in certain pathological conditions such as aplastic anemia (AA), acute leukemia (AL), and infection, or due to the harmful effects of certain poisons or drugs such as benzene, xylene, cyclophosphamide, etc., megakaryocytes in the bone marrow Obstacles to proliferation or growth maturity can lead to insufficient platelet production and reduced numbers.

2. Excessive platelet destruction:

It is found in the action or infection of certain drugs such as sulfa, chloramphenicol, and amphibiin, through the immune mechanism, anti-platelet antibodies are produced in the body, resulting in excessive destruction of platelets and reduction of the number of platelets. Also found in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC), thrombotic thrombocytopenia (TTP), heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), HIV-1 related thrombocytopenia.

3. Abnormal platelet distribution:

Seen in various causes of hypersplenism or splenomegaly, platelets are blocked too much in the spleen, resulting in a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood.

(B) common diseases:

When thrombocytopenia is reduced, due to the delayed blood coagulation process, enhanced fibrinolysis, and abnormal vascular permeability, bleeding can easily occur. In severe cases, bleeding can occur under the skin, mucous membranes, internal organs or other tissues. This is called thrombocytopenic purpura.

Thrombocytopenia 2. Differential diagnosis:

The general symptoms are subcutaneous and mucosal bleeding, such as skin bruising, purpura, bleeding in the nose and mouth, and gums. In severe cases, it can cause massive gastrointestinal bleeding and central nervous system bleeding, which is life-threatening and prolonged bleeding can easily cause anemia.

Thrombocytopenia III. Examination:

Blood routine examination, urine routine examination and stool routine examination.

Thrombocytopenia 4. Principles of treatment:

(1) Western medicine treatment:

For the treatment of thrombocytopenia, the cause is firstly treated. For example, for ITP, glucocorticoids, gamma globulin, and splenectomy can be used; for AA, immunosuppressive regimens can be used. Platelet transfusion is mainly used to prevent and treat bleeding symptoms in patients with thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction, to restore and maintain normal hemostasis and coagulation in the body; it is not applicable to all thrombocytopenia.

(B) diet therapy:

The principle of diet therapy is to nourish qi and nourish blood, nourish yin and cool blood, and stop bleeding. The following diets are effective:

1. Shenlian porridge:

Take 9g of ginseng, 9g of Eclipta prostrata, moderate sugar, 6g of japonica rice. First simmer the ginseng hair slices, wash the decoction of Eclipta officinalis, add them to the pot together with the cleaned rice, add an appropriate amount of water, boil it with high heat first, and then turn to boiled congee with gentle fire. Take 1 dose daily, and even take several doses, which has the function of nourishing qi and nourishing blood.

2. Red Date Sheep Tibia Glutinous Rice Congee:

Take 1 or 2 tibia of sheep, 20 red dates, 100g sticky rice. Wash and break the lamb tibia first, add an appropriate amount of water to fry. Take the soup, remove the bones and add them to the pot together with the cleaned glutinous rice and pitted red dates. Boil them with high heat first, and then turn to low heat to cook gruel. Seasoned and eaten. It has spleen, blood, and kidney. Yiqi effect.

3. Decoction of Bai Maogen Festival:

Take 60g of white thatch root and 60g of fresh lotus root. Wash the white grass root, cut into sections, wash and slice the fresh crickets, put it in the same pot with the white grass root, add water for an appropriate amount and cook for 30 minutes, remove the residue and take the juice, and take it in the morning and afternoon.

4. Peanut rice stewed with red dates:

Take 30g peanuts and 20 red dates. Wash the red dates and put them in the pot together with the peanuts, add an appropriate amount of water, and simmer for 30 minutes. Serve in the morning and afternoon, drink soup, eat peanuts, and chew red dates. It has the effect of nourishing qi and blood.

5. Bee milk:

Take 20g of bee milk and 250ml of milk, pour the milk into a pot, boil it, add it when it is cool to warm, and stir well. Taken in the morning and early at the same time, it has the effects of nourishing qi and blood, and nourishing blood.

6. Longan Peanut Soup:

Take 12g of longan meat, 25g of coated peanuts and 15g of jujube. Remove the seeds from the jujube, add them to the pot with the peanut kernels and longan meat, add an appropriate amount of water, and simmer for 30 minutes before serving. Taken in the morning and afternoon, it has the effects of strengthening the spleen, replenishing the heart, nourishing blood and stopping bleeding.

7. Chinese wolfberry and jujube egg soup:

Take 10g of Chinese wolfberry, 10 red dates, 10g of Codonopsis, and 2 eggs. Put wolfberry, red dates, and codonopsis in the casserole and cook together. After the eggs are cooked, remove the shells and take the protein for a while. Eat the egg and drink the soup and divide it into 2 servings.