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Woolly Rat (Scientific name: Chinchilla lanigera Molina): It is a collective name for animals of the order Rodidae, Woolyidae, and Wooly.

Inhabit

There is no obvious seasonal change in the reproductive organs of the male rat.

Single species, no subspecies. ^[8]

Included in "

Woolly Rat Feeding History

In 1922, the American mining engineer MFChapman obtained 8 male, 3 female and 11 live mice from the country of origin, and brought them to California, USA. After domestication and breeding, the breeding was successful, and this set a precedent for artificially raising wool rats. Most of the woolly mouse breeding industries in various countries have developed on the basis of these original species.

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Captive rattus has a shorter history than other fur animals. It has been less than 80 years since domestication, and the total number of captive rats is only 500,000. The largest numbers are reared in the United States and Canada, followed by Denmark, Germany, Japan, Chile and Argentina. China Native Animal and Animal Products Import and Export Corporation started to import breeding rats from abroad in 1973. After the introduction, they were placed in 12 provinces and cities in Northeast, North China, East China and Northwest China. Disappeared. Later, some people introduced trial breeding of breeding rats from the United States and Canada. These breeding rats have become terrestrial, the number of breeding is increasing, and a population has been formed.

Most of the woolly rats kept in different countries are long-tailed woolly rats. The origin of the breeding mice is from the same region. Their morphology, weight, plush quality, and litter size are basically the same. They are all the same species, and no breeding lines have been formed so far. Wool rats sold in China's breeding industry and pet shops, no matter where they come from, have only good or bad quality, and there is no difference in form and performance. But in recent times, from the original blue-gray color types, dozens of different color types have been cultivated and separated, such as white, black, egg yolk, light gray, and brown camel. ^[10]

Woolly Rat Feeding Conditions

The raising of woolly rats requires stricter environmental conditions, and indoor cages are commonly used in China. The main facilities are premises, cages and temperature, humidity and lighting equipment.

House

It is built in a dry, non-noisy urban area with a high terrain and a sunny area. The windows should be smaller.

Woolly Rat

On to prevent air convection. In winter, it is necessary to have heating equipment, preferably water heating or steam heating. It is ideal to keep the indoor temperature between 10 and 20 ° C all year round. Too low or too high is not conducive to the life of the woolly rat. It is advisable to raise 100 species of rats at 20 square meters. The squirrel cage can be 3-5 layers high. Green curtains should be installed on the front windows of the room.

Sheds for captive breeding should be built in a leeward, sunny, dry place with good drainage. Winter in northern China is cold, and it is mostly kept indoors. Generally, a combined wire squirrel cage (preferably a galvanized iron wire cage) is used. The volume of each cage is 50cm × 45cm × 10cm, or 60cm × 30cm × 30cm. The diameter of the cage passage is 13cm × 13cm. The mesh of the wire cage was 2.4 cm x 1.2 cm. If the bamboo and wooden structures are used, the cage is easily damaged. Males and females should be kept separately during non-estrous breeding. Except for feeding troughs, drinking pipes, and springboards in cages, movable wooden farrowing boxes with a size of 30cm × 25cm × 20cm should be placed in the cages before females are pregnant. In addition, a sand tray (sand tray made of wooden or iron sheet) is placed in the squirrel cage. The size is 30cm × 15cm × 8cm. It contains 4cm thick dry and clean fine sand. It is best to put a small amount of talc. In addition, some sticks can be placed in the cage for the rat to molars.

surroundings

Environmental hygiene is strict, and it is particularly important to strengthen health and epidemic prevention. First, make sure that the air and water are fresh and hygienic. Second, do not contact or polyculture with other animals. Third, pay attention to preventing rat infestation and prevent rats from entering the feeding room and feed room. Disease control.

Squirrel cage

The cage requires No. 16 iron wire, processed into 1.5cm mesh, galvanized, and welded.

Squirrel cage

It is best to combine one male, four females, and five single squirrel cages into one group, each of which has one cage. The single cage is 50 cm long, 35 to 40 cm wide, and 35 cm high. A channel is set at the back and bottom of a group of cages, with a width of 10cm and a height of 15cm. Each squirrel cage has a circular hole with a diameter of 7 to 8cm to communicate with the breeding channel, so that when the male and female mating, the male mouse can enter the female cage freely, or it can be made into a double cage without a breeding channel. Sandbox.

Squirrel cage

The skin squirrel cage can be slightly smaller than the species squirrel cage, and it can be a single cage or a combination cage.

Accessory equipment

Food container

That is, the granular material box is used for containing fine materials and is made of galvanized iron sheet.

Hay Box

For rough feed, it can be made of iron sheet and barbed wire.

drinking bottle

It is suitable to use a 150-200ml vial, which can be made with a rubber stopper dropper.

Sand bath

Woolly rats take a sand bath once or twice a day. Sand bath has a certain effect on the growth and cleaning of woolen rats, so it must have equipment. It can be placed on the side of the cage and can be placed inside the cage. The sand used in the sand bath can be general yellow sand or white sand, but it must be disinfected before use. First sieve the sand to remove dust and large particles, take the middle fine sand, soak it in boiling water, take it out, and then dry or dry it. Then add 1% to 2% talc and mix thoroughly for later use.

Cork block

Put cork blocks or pumice stones (powder at the end of the river) in the cage for the squirrel to bite and grind the teeth. The cork blocks should not be too large and have any shape.

Dung urine tray

It is specially used for receiving feces and urine. The size depends on the squirrel cage. ^[10]

Woolly Rat Feeding Food

The woolly rat is a small herbivorous animal with a wide range of feed sources, simple breeding equipment, convenient management, low labor input, and low cost (the cost of raising an adult mouse for one year is about 1,000 yuan), with fast results and high returns. , Has a greater future.

Woolly Rat

Woolly rats have a particularly long digestive tract and a developed cecum. Therefore, under captive conditions, they are usually fed with hay, cereals, and green fodder, or compound feeds, including herbs, vegetables, wild vegetables, mulberry leaves, elm leaves, and alfalfa, grains, etc. , Cabbage and other vegetables with too much water should not be fed. In addition to various grains, the concentrated feed can also be fed to wheat bran, cornmeal, and bean cake flour. Add a small amount of refined salt, yeast powder, bone meal, and other minerals, such as calcium, zinc, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, etc. The amount is generally 1% calcium, 0.5% phosphorus, potassium iodide 0.3 / 10,000 , Copper sulfate 0.5 / 10,000, zinc sulfate 1 / 10,000, ferrous sulfate 1.5 / 10,000, manganese sulfate 1 / 10,000. For example: 22% alfalfa, 10% corn, 18% soybean cake flour, 17.5% wheat bran, 14% wheat, 12% barley, 2% bone meal, 0.5% salt, and 4% yeast powder. The adult feeding amount is about 25g per day, and supplemented with hay and green feed such as alfalfa, clover, wild weed, cattail, wild vegetable, plantain, dandelion, bitter vegetable, celery, carrot, etc., which is beneficial to Growth and development, and tender and juicy, good palatability, can stimulate appetite. The combination of green fodder and concentrated fodder should be determined according to the season, temperature and wet and dry feces of the rat. Pregnant females should be fed more vitamin E and protein. For the females in labor, you should also increase the amount of yogurt powder and multidimensional glucose (add one spoon per meal). After the pups are born, continue to supplement them, which can increase the survival rate of the pups. The feeding amount to wool rats should be scientifically controlled according to their biological characteristics. Excessive feeding will not only waste, increase costs, but also reduce the amount of exercise caused by over-satiated rats, which will affect their growth and development, and even cause gastrointestinal diseases. Woolly rats have a small amount of activity during the day and eat less; a large amount of activity at night results in a large amount of food at night. Adult body weight is generally about 500g, and daily feed intake is about 5% to 6% of body weight. Among them, pellet feed accounts for 80%, and hay and green feed account for about 20%. Feed 1 flat spoon of pellets (approximately 15g) each, no restrictions on forage. It is usually fed twice a day, and it is fed at 8 am and 4 pm every day. The effect of night feeding is better. When feeding fresh green fodder such as fresh grass, first dry it. Do not feed wet grass with dew. Cut hay short and grind the grain. Fine powder feed is easy to choke throat, often causes foreign body pneumonia, wet material is easy to rot, and easy to cause enteritis after feeding. The variety of feed to be fed must be stable, from dry to fresh or fresh to dry, it must be carried out gradually, the transition time should be no less than 1 week, and at the same time keep drinking water in the drinking fountains clean. ^[10]

Common Woolly Rat Diseases

Flatulence

The disease often occurs in weaned pups or artificially fed pups. The main cause of sickness in Woolly Rats is improper food, and the pups have come to eat hard foods before the digestive system is fully developed. In addition, unclean food, inadequate feeding, insufficient milk from mother rats, and feeding young rats with fresh milk instead of milk powder may cause the disease.

symptoms

Affected rats are debilitated, shrink in cages or nests, and swell in the stomach.

Radon prevention

In the early stage of the disease, under the premise of ensuring that the woolly rats do not run away, they can run freely for several hours in the house, which can often restore health. If the sick rats are caused by sudden changes in feed, they should immediately recover feed. If it is caused by bloating due to artificial breastfeeding, you can change the original formula of condensed milk and boiled water to half of the formula to 30% of condensed milk, 60% of boiled water and 10% of glucose. At the beginning of the disease, it is beneficial to gently massage the stomach of the affected animal. When the disease is severe, it can be treated with ventilation and stomach strengthening drugs and sulfa drugs. Oral milk lactic acid solution (or edible vinegar) 3 ~ 5ml, sometimes can alleviate the disease; oral salo 0.2g, lactase 1.2g, artificial salt 0.2g mixture, can also work for this disease "critical disease animals, should be It is treated by puncture and deflation, and preservatives such as lactic acid are injected at the same time.

Hair removal disease

Hair removal can be divided into two types: hair loss caused by malnutrition and skin diseases. Malnutrition hair loss can occur at all ages of the Filamentous Rat, causing dysplasia. This can be solved by selecting and matching, strengthening feeding management, increasing the proportion of protein in the feed, paying attention to minerals, including the supplementation of trace elements and supplying high-quality forages. For hair removal caused by skin diseases, you can use camphor oil to coat the affected area. Apply it once in two days. Generally, it will improve after 3 to 4 times, and new hair will gradually grow on the affected area.

Skin diseases caused by chigger mites that are parasitic on the skin are commonly known as chigger mites.

symptoms

The skin of the affected animal is red and swollen, especially in the limbs, toes, ears, neck, etc .; the coat is shed, forming yellow-white scabs, the affected part is itchy, and the affected animal is disturbed. It is often seen that it scratches and rubs the cage with its claws.

Radon prevention

Rub the affected area with 5% phoxim cream and a 0.1% ointment (100 g of yellow petrolatum plus 50% phoxim cream 0.1ml, mix evenly) or rub the affected area with 2% chlorhexidine ointment. Until healed. Mastitis

Female mice can also be infected with mastitis or nipples that are bitten by pups and cause papillitis. You can use penicillin or streptomycin to smear the wounds on the nipples, and smear the inflamed nipples and breasts with camphor oil to treat inflammation. When sclerosis occurs in the breast, you can use a hot damp cloth to apply heat and massage, and squeeze the milk carefully.

diarrhea

symptoms

Feeding and feeding mice are prone to diarrhea. The pups suffered from diarrhea due to eating E. coli-contaminated feed, which was manifested as failure with symptoms of sepsis and higher mortality.

Radon prevention

The main prevention and treatment measures for the disease are to strengthen management, to provide mice with clean and vitamin-rich feed and clean fresh drinking water. Every year in early spring and late autumn, the cold insulation work should be strengthened, and the temperature in the rat house should be kept relatively stable. This disease can be treated with pepsin and sulfazone, and the effect is better; chloramphenicol is also effective in treating this disease. ^[10]