What Are the Signs of a Fentanyl Overdose?

Fentanyl injection, common name: Fentanyl citrate injection, suitable for sedation and analgesia before, during and after anesthesia, is a commonly used drug in compound general anesthesia. 1. Used for pre-anesthetic administration and induction anesthesia, and as an adjuvant drug combined with general anesthesia and local anesthesia for various operations. With a mixture of 2.5 mg of droperidol (Droperidol) and 0.05 mg of this product, administration before anesthesia can make the patient quiet and indifferent to the external environment, but still cooperate. 2. For various severe pains before, after and during surgery. ^[1]

Fentanyl injection

Fentanyl injection, common name:

English name

Fentanyl Citrate Injection ^[1]

This product is a clear, colorless liquid.

This product is a strong synthetic narcotic analgesic. The analgesic mechanism is similar to that of morphine. It is an opioid receptor agonist, and its intensity is 60 to 80 times that of morphine. versus

It is absorbed orally through the gastrointestinal tract, but injection is generally used clinically. Intravenous injection is effective after 1 minute, peaks in 4 minutes, and is maintained for 30 to 60 minutes. Analgesic effect occurs about 7 to 8 minutes during intramuscular injection, which can be maintained for 1 to 2 hours. Bioavailability by intramuscular injection is 67%, protein binding rate is 80%, and T1 / 2 elimination is about 3.7 hours. This product is mainly metabolized in the liver. Metabolites and about 10% of the original drug are excreted by the kidneys. ^[1]

This product is a powerful analgesic, suitable for sedation and analgesia before, during and after anesthesia. It is a commonly used drug in compound general anesthesia.

1. Used for pre-anesthesia administration and induction anesthesia, and as an adjuvant medicine, combined with general anesthesia and local anesthesia for various operations. Mixture with 2.5 mg of droperidol and 0.05 mg of this product, administered before anesthesia, can make the patient quiet and indifferent to the external environment, but can still cooperate.

2. For a variety of severe pain before, after and during surgery. ^[1]

Adult intravenous injection

Initial anesthesia dose

Minor surgery: 0.001 0.002mg / kg body weight (based on fentanyl, the same below);

For major surgery, the weight is 0.002 0.004mg / kg;

During cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, the total amount is calculated according to the weight of 0.02 0.03mg / kg, and the maintenance amount can be given at half of the initial amount every 30 to 60 minutes or continuous intravenous drip, generally 0.001 0.002mg / kg per hour;

Simultaneous inhalation of nitrous oxide under general anesthesia according to body weight 0.001 0.002mg / kg;

local anesthesia is incomplete. As an adjuvant medication, the weight is 0.0015 to 0.002 mg / kg. ^[1]

1. General adverse reactions include dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, biliary sphincter spasm, laryngeal spasm, and sweating. Occasionally muscle twitches. ^[1]

Bronchial asthma, respiratory depression, patients particularly sensitive to this product and patients with myasthenia gravis are contraindicated. Prohibited with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (such as

1. This product is a narcotic drug specially managed by the state. It is necessary to strictly abide by the state's regulations on narcotic drugs. The storage places in hospitals and wards should be locked, and the color of the prescription should be distinguished from other drug prescriptions. Responsible custodians at all levels should abide by the transfer system and must not be negligent.

2. This product must be administered at least 14 days after monoamine oxidase inhibitors (such as furazolidone, procarbazine) are discontinued, and a small dose (1/4 of the usual amount) should be tried first, otherwise unpredictable and serious Complications, clinical manifestations are hyperhidrosis, muscle stiffness, blood pressure rises first, then drops sharply, respiratory depression, cyanosis, coma, high fever, convulsions, and eventually circulatory collapse and death.

3. Arrhythmia, liver, kidney, dysfunction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, reduced respiratory reserve and traumatic brain coma, increased intracranial pressure, brain tumors and other patients who are liable to fall into respiratory depression.

4. The liquid medicine of this product is irritating. It must not enter the trachea and bronchi by accident, and it should not be applied to the skin and mucous membranes.

5. Epidural injection of this product for analgesia generally takes effect in 4 to 10 minutes, the concentration of cerebrospinal fluid reaches its peak in 20 minutes, and itching can occur throughout the body, with an aging effect of 3.3 to 6.7 hours. The possibility of tidal volume reduction should be handled in a timely manner.

6. This product is by no means an intravenous general anesthetic. Although a large number of rapid intravenous injections can make the mind disappear, the patient's stress response is still present, often accompanied by intraoperative knowledge.

7. Quick bolus injection of this product can cause stiffness of the chest wall and abdominal wall muscles and affect ventilation. ^[1]

The first dose of elderly and frail patients should be appropriately reduced, and the increase of dose should be determined by considering the effect of the first dose. ^[1]

1. The chemical structure of this product is similar to that of pethidine. The two drugs may have cross-sensitivity. ^[1]

(1) 1ml: 0.05mg (2) 2ml: 0.1mg (both based on fentanyl) ^[1]

Protected from light and sealed. ^[1]