What Is an Intravenous Bolus?

Intravenous injection ^[1] (Intravenous injection) is a medical method that involves injecting liquid substances such as blood, medicinal fluids, and nutritional fluids directly into a vein. Intravenous injection can be divided into transient and continuous. Transient intravenous injection is usually injected directly into the vein with a syringe, which is generally a common "injection"; continuous intravenous injection is implemented by intravenous drip, commonly known as "drip".

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Intravenous injection ^[1] (Intravenous injection) is a medical method that involves injecting liquid substances such as blood, medicinal fluids, and nutritional fluids directly into a vein. Intravenous injection can be divided into transient and continuous. Transient intravenous injection is usually injected directly into the vein with a syringe, which is generally a common "injection"; continuous intravenous injection is implemented by intravenous drip, commonly known as "drip".

Chinese name

Intravenous injection

Foreign name

Intravenous injection

Attributes

Is a medical method

Intravenous injection

Separability and continuity

Needle

6.2-7

Type of injection

5 types

Precautions for intravenous injection

Intravenous injection

1. The drug should not be administered orally, subcutaneously or intramuscularly. When rapid effects are required, intravenous injection or intravenous infusion can be used.

2. Due to the high concentration, high irritation and large amount of drugs, other injection methods are not suitable.

3 For diagnosis and test, drugs are injected intravenously, such as X-rays of liver, kidney and gallbladder.

4 Infusion and blood transfusion.

5. For intravenous nutrition treatment.

IV injection site

Commonly used are the main veins of the cubital fossa, the median vein, the cephalic vein, or the superficial veins of the back of the hand, the back of the foot, and the ankle.

Intravenous syringe

Sterile syringe in the injection tray (selected according to the amount of liquid medicine), needle 6.2-7 or scalp needle, tourniquet, treatment towel or disposable paper towel. Prepare your medicine as directed by your doctor.

Intravenous injection procedure

1. Bring the prepared items to the bedside, check and explain to the patient for cooperation.

2. Aspirate the solution with a syringe, drain the air, and put on an ampoule.

3 Select a suitable vein, use your fingers to find out the direction and depth of the vein, place a treatment towel or paper towel on the limb of the puncture site, fasten a tourniquet around 6cm above the puncture site (proximal heart end), and disinfect the skin with 2% iodine. After drying, 70% alcohol was used to remove iodine, and the patient was instructed to make a fist to fill the veins.

4 During puncture, tighten the skin at the lower end of the vein with the thumb of your left hand to fix it. Hold the syringe in your right hand with the needle facing up. The needle and the skin are at a 35-degree angle and penetrate the skin from above or from the side of the vein.

5. See blood return, confirm that the needle has entered the vein, and then insert the needle a little along the vein, loosen the tourniquet, ask the patient to loosen his fist, fix the needle, and slowly inject the liquid medicine.

6. During the injection, if the local swelling and pain indicate that the needle slipped out of the vein, the needle replacement site should be pulled out and reinjected.

7. After the injection, press the puncture point with a sterile cotton swab, quickly pull out the needle, and instruct the patient to bend the elbow and press for a while. Cleaning supplies.

8. Precautions:

(1) When injecting, choose a vein that is thick, straight, flexible, and difficult to slide. For long-term intravenous administration, the injection should be performed from the distal end to the proximal end.

(2) According to the condition and the nature of the drug, grasp the speed of injecting the liquid medicine, and listen to the patient's main complaint at any time to observe the signs and changes in the condition.

(3) For drugs with a strong irritation to the tissue, a puncture should be performed before injection, and a small amount of isotonic saline should be injected to confirm that the needle is indeed in the blood vessel, and then the drug should be injected to prevent the liquid from overflowing into the tissue and causing necrosis.

Intravenous drug formulation

9. Common causes of intravenous failure

(1) Half of the bevel of the needle is inside the blood vessel and half is outside the blood vessel. The return blood is intermittent. It overflows under the skin during injection, the skin is raised, and the patient has local pain.

(2) The needle penetrated deeper, half of the bevel penetrated the wall of the contralateral blood vessel, and there was blood return, but the drug was not pushed well, and some of the drug solution overflowed into the deep tissue.

(3) The needle penetrates too deeply, penetrates the wall of the contralateral blood vessel, the drug is injected into the deep tissues, and there is pain, and there is no blood return. If only a small amount of drug solution is injected, the local area may not necessarily be raised. ^[2]

Intravenous injection types

1. Intradermal injection (ID)

Intradermal injection is a method of injecting a small amount of a medicinal solution between the epidermis and the dermis.

2. Subcutaneous injection (H)

The subcutaneous injection method is a method of injecting a small amount of a medicinal solution into a subcutaneous tissue.

3. Intramuscular injection (IM or im)

Intramuscular injection is a method of injecting a liquid medicine into muscle tissue.

4.Femoral vein injection

Commonly used for emergency infusions, blood transfusions or blood collection.

5. Arterial puncture injection

For blood gas analysis, severe shock requires blood transfusion through the arteries to increase effective blood volume; perform some special tests (such as cerebral angiography); perform certain treatments (injection of anticancer drugs). ^[2]