What Is Dihydroartemisinin?
Dihydroartemisinin, a derivative of artemisinin, has a powerful and rapid killing effect on the Plasmodium red period, and can quickly control clinical attacks and symptoms. It mainly interferes with the membrane-mitochondria function of Plasmodium. Artemisinin affects the ultrastructure of the Plasmodium erythrocytic stage, changes its membrane structure, and blocks the nutritional intake of Plasmodium. When Plasmodium loses a large amount of cytoplasm and nutrients, but cannot receive supplements, It will die soon. This product is also effective against chloroquine and piperazine. Toxicity is low. Studies on animal reproductive toxicity have shown that administration of mice during the induction period of pregnancy enhances the occurrence of absorbed fetuses without teratogenic effects.
Basic Information
- Drug Name
- Dihydroartemisinin
- Foreign name
- Dihydroartemisinin
- Whether prescription drugs
- prescription
- Main indications
- malaria
- Athletes use with caution
- Use with caution
- Whether to include health insurance
- Incorporate
- inventor
- Tu
- Molecular weight
- 284.34806
- Molecular formula
- C 15 H 24 O 5
Dihydroartemisinin indications
- Used to treat all kinds of malaria. It is especially suitable for the treatment of malignant malaria and dangerous malaria resistant to chloroquine and piperazine.
Clinical application of dihydroartemisinin
- Oral once a day, 60mg a day for adults, the first dose is doubled; children decrease, use 5 to 7 consecutive days.
Dihydroartemisinin adverse reactions
- A few cases have a transient decrease in reticulocytes. No other significant adverse reactions were seen.
Dihydroartemisinin precautions
- The drug should be kept away from light and kept in a cold place.
Dihydroartemisinin contraindications
- Use with caution in pregnant women.
- Note: The above content is only for introduction, the drug use must be carried out by a regular hospital under the guidance of a doctor.
Dihydroartemisinin antimalarial therapy
- Antimalarial therapy is an artemisinin combination therapy that is vigorously promoted by WHO, and is the most important weapon against malaria in the world [1] . Since the discovery of artemisinin by Tu Yu, artemisinin derivatives have been the most effective and uncomplicated combination of malaria drugs. [1]
Mechanism of dihydroartemisinin
- The half-life of artemisinin in the human body (the time required for the concentration of the drug to decrease by half in the body) is very short, only 1 to 2 hours. The clinically recommended artemisinin combination therapy is three days. The insect window is limited for 4 to 8 hours. [1]
Dihydroartemisinin resistance
- Multiple studies by WHO and Southeast Asian countries have shown that in the Greater Mekong Subregion countries such as Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam, artemisinin combination therapy ("artemisinin drugs" in combination with "other antimalarial formulas" During the three-day cycle of treatment with "drug" therapy, signs of slowing of the rate of malaria parasite elimination and development of resistance to artemisinin. [1]
Causes of Dihydroartemisinin Resistance
- Existing drug-resistant insect strains take full advantage of the short half-life of artemisinin to change the life cycle or temporarily enter a dormant state to avoid sensitive insecticidal periods. At the same time, Plasmodium's anti-malarial adjuvant in the artemisinin combination therapy can also produce obvious resistance, making the artemisinin combination therapy "failure". [1]
Dihydroartemisinin adjusts treatment
- After more than three years of scientific research, Tu Yu's team finally made new breakthroughs in "Research on Anti-malarial Mechanism", "Causes of Drug Resistance", and "Adjusting Treatment Methods", etc., and proposed new treatment solutions: First, appropriately extend the medication time. The day therapy was increased to five or seven days; the second was to replace the adjuvant drugs that had developed resistance in the artemisinin combination therapy, and the effect was immediate. [1]