What Is the Nasal Septum?

The nasal septum is located between the left and right nasal cavities, and is composed of the vertical ethmoidal plate, vomera, and cartilage of the nasal septum. The nasal septum of a normal person is rarely perfectly centered, and most of them are slightly deflected. A partition that separates the nasal cavity on both sides and is located in the middle of the nasal cavity. It is composed of nasal septum cartilage, ethmoid median plate (also known as ethmoid vertical plate) and vomera. The perichondria and periosteum are covered with mucosa.

The nasal septum is located between the left and right nasal cavities, and is composed of the vertical ethmoidal plate, vomera, and cartilage of the nasal septum. The nasal septum of a normal person is rarely perfectly centered, and most of them are slightly deflected. A partition that separates the nasal cavity on both sides and is located in the middle of the nasal cavity. It is composed of nasal septum cartilage, ethmoid median plate (also known as ethmoid vertical plate) and vomera. The perichondria and periosteum are covered with mucosa.

Chinese name

nasal septum

Foreign name

nasal septum

Constitute

Bone, cartilage and mucous membranes

Organization

Left and right

Pro Bed

Bleeding area

Main manifestations of nasal septum deviation

1. Nasal obstruction is the most common symptom. Usually, the nasal cavity on the deviated side is not breathing well, and the upper respiratory tract infection can be completely blocked. The turbinate of the contralateral nasal cavity of Rijiu may be reduced by the compensatory hypertrophy, and bilateral nasal obstruction may occur. A few patients with chronic contralateral nasal cavity can show atrophic changes, so symptoms such as dry nasal cavity appear.

2. Runny nose The deviated nasal septum changes the physiological functions of the nasal cavity, stimulates the glands, increases nasal secretions, and thus causes the symptoms of runny nose. And because of nasal obstruction, a large amount of normal water secreted daily by the nasal cavity cannot be evaporated by breathing, which is also one of the reasons for the increase in nasal secretions. Of course, if secondary infections occur in the nasal cavity, nasal secretions will increase significantly, which will cause a lot of runny noses. Usually, it is mostly mucus or purulent snot. If it is accompanied by sinusitis, it will turn into a large amount of purulent snot.

3, nosebleeds, deviated deviated curved surface of the nasal septum, or the surface mucosa of spinous processes and condyles, which are directly stimulated by air or dust for a long time, make local mucous membranes dry and even become thin and crusted, just gently wipe the nose or bow your head Forced, are prone to bleeding. This kind of nosebleed is not too much and it is easy to stop, but it happens repeatedly and it is one of the most common causes of nosebleed.

4. The main cause of head and face pain is the deflection of the nasal septum or the condyles and spinous processes that compress the trigeminal nerve endings of the nasal mucosa, which are reflected along the nerves to the face, forehead, or temporal area, which causes reflex pain. This is the head One of the common underlying causes of facial pain. Secondly, air vortex stimulation or associated sinusitis can also cause head and face pain.

Nasal septum perforation

Penetrating ulcers in the nasal septum cartilage caused by chemicals acting on the nasal cavity for a long time are called nasal septum perforations. Acid mist (such as chromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrofluoric acid) can directly damage the nasal septal cartilage. Metals and other chemicals (such as chromium, antimony, arsenic, and mercury) can be adsorbed and dissolved in the nasal mucosa, which constantly produces irritation and corrosion Effect and damage the nasal septum cartilage. Nasal septum perforation is a gradual process. The most prominent early manifestations are nasal septum hemorrhage, swelling, dryness, superficial erosion and ulceration, and vestibular nasal hairs fall off; followed by mucosal erosion, which gradually expands, the septum becomes thinner, cartilage gradually disappears, and finally the erosion center Perforate and expand all around. The perforation may range from a few millimeters to the entire cartilage. The shape of the perforation is round or oval, and the edges are smooth and neat. Most of the perforated surfaces are covered with blood sacral or yellow secretions, and there are usually few secondary infections. Make a diagnosis based on the above history of exposure to harmful substances, local symptoms of the nasal cavity, and the results of a nasal examination.

(A) common causes

1. Traumatic nasal septum abscess caused by trauma, nasal septum ulcer caused by corrosive and irritating substances, surgical injury, etc.

2. Acute infectious diseases such as diphtheria and scarlet fever, and nasal special infections such as tuberculosis and syphilis.

3. Tumors Nasal tumors are caused by compression of the nasal septum or tumors that originate in the nasal septum.

4, chemical burns, long-term compression of foreign bodies in the nasal cavity, etc.

(Two) clinical characteristics

1. History of nose surgery, trauma or other related medical conditions.

2, dry nasal cavity, pus formation, causing nasal congestion, headache and nosebleeds.

3. The perforation is located at the front of the nasal septum, and there can be whistle when breathing.

4. Check the location and size of the perforation.

(Three) treatment points

1. Etiology treatments such as antituberculosis treatment and nasal tumor resection.

2. Surgery for elective repair of nasal septum perforation.