What is the sphenoid bone?

Sphenoid bone in the shape of a bat sitting on the base of the skull, while the wings form part of the bony orbit or an eye socket on each side. It is located in the central bodies of the sphenoid bone, saddle concave known as Sella Turcica is located pituitary. On each side of the body, larger sfenoid bone wings, which curl in the superior and lateral direction to be part of the orbital floor. Smaller sfenoid bone wings also spread outwards and form the back of the orbital roof on each side. Several remarkable arteries, veins and nerves penetrate larger and smaller sfenoid wings to enter and leave orbit.

piercing smaller sfenoid wings, optical channels allow the optical nerves to pass from the back of each eye to enter the brain and cross in optical chiasm over the pituitary. Cleft of the intermediate and smaller sfenoid wings transmits a superior orbitalThe crack of several critical structures that pass between the orbit and the brain. These structures include oculomotor, trochlear and leave the nerves that provide nerve supply of muscles that move every eye. In addition, the crack contains an ophthalmic division of a trigeminal nerve that gives a feeling on the upper face and superior and lower eye vein, which discharges blood from the eye and orbit. Eye socket fractures, in particular including the orbital floor, can potentially damage these structures as they pass by crack.

Larger sfenoid bone wings also contain holes or foramine that carry nerves for the feeling of the lower face and teeth. The lower orbital crack, formed by sphenoid bones and Maxilla, provides a passage for maxillary nerve, gives a feeling of medium face and upper teeth and branches of pterygopylatine ganglion, which gives the feeling of cavities, nasal cavities, gums and neck. The extremely concave surface of each larger wing is part of the middle fossa skull in which temporary lobes are locatedbrain. Pterygoid processes descend bilaterally in a perpendicular body and larger wings. Each process consists of medium and side plates.

Meningiom of the sphenoid wing is a benign tumor involving tissue that lines the brain near the sphenoid bone. Meningiomas are most common in women over 50 years of age. Symptoms of meningioma of the sphenoid wing include loss of vision, loss of color vision, abnormality of pupils and visual field defects. In addition, a advanced tumor patient may experience swelling of the lid, bulging the eye and double vision. Treatment, depending on the size and location of the tumor, may include knife radiation, outer beam radiation or microsurgery.