How does a ballistic missile work?
Ballist rocket is a type of large and strong missiles designed to deliver the head for long distances to a predetermined goal. Ballistic missiles follow suborbital trajectories, reach altitudes (100 km+) and leave the Earth's atmosphere, in some cases that move up to 1200 km above the surface for intercontinental ballistic missiles. Such missiles are called "ballistic", because after the initial phase of strengthening, the rest of the course is usually determined by ballistics. Smooth parabolic line.
ballistic missiles come in many shapes and sizes. In the United States, ballistic missiles are divided into four classes of the range:
- Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) - Over 5,500 kilometers
- ballistic missile intermediate range (IRBM) -3000 to 5500 kilometers
- Ballistic Middle Access Rocket (MRBM) 1,000 to 3000 kilometers
- Ballistic short range missile (SRBM) up to 1000 kilometers
for ranges less than 350 km, ballisTIC rocket will never leave the Earth's atmosphere. Note that the only three ballistic missiles ever had in the battle were only in the short range category and contained conventional explosives. Most of the ballistic missiles that exist today should carry nuclear heads, although none of them has been used in the war.
Ballistic missiles use either solid or liquid fuel. Older missiles, such as the V2 rocket used by Nazi Germany during World War II and the first ballistic missiles built by the US, used liquid fuel. In many cases, the fuel in the ballistic rocket of the liquid movement is liquid hydrogen, while oxidation is liquid oxygen. Both must be held at cryogenic temperatures or return to the gaseous phase. During the start, both gases are quickly pumped from storage chambers in the presence of sparks that light the mixture and drives the rocket forward. Byproduct burning fuel is water vapor.
liquid fThe bay of these hydrogen and oxygen is desirable for the rocket due to their improved energy density in the gaseous phase. Another upwards is that ballistic launchers with liquid liquid can have starchy, turned off or restarted as needed. The disadvantage is that the storage of such missiles is a problem because the fuel requires constant cooling to be ready to start.
Further diversity of liquid driving substances are hypergolic driving substances. Hygolic driving substances are ignited in contact and require no ignition source. This is useful for frequent triggering and restarting for maneuvering for space maneuvering. The most popular version uses monomethyl hydrazin (mmh) for fuel and nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) for oxidation agent.
More modern ballistic missiles use solid fuels because they are easier to store and maintain. For example, a shuttle on the universe uses two repeatedly usable fixed boosters, each of which is filled with £ 1.1 million (453,600 kg)Substances. Fuel used in powder aluminum (16%), with iron powder (0.07%) as a catalyst and Amonia chloristan (70%) as oxidation.
Most ballistic missiles are designed to reach its target in 15 and 30 minutes, even if the goal is on the other side of the world. Because they are so necessary for national security, they are among the most carefully built machines on the planet.