What is Dimer?
Dimer is a chemical compound that consists of two monomers or subunits that are structurally similar. Two similar molecules connected together form a dimer, while many similar molecules connected together would form a polymer. Dimers are commonly held together by covalent or hydrogen bonds. They are often important in the field of biochemistry and especially medicine, where they are involved in the diagnosis of certain diseases. The water molecule, which consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom arranged in a triangular shape, is a polar molecule - in other words, there is a separation of electric charge through its molecular structure. Electrons that carry a negative charge are more concentrated at the oxygen end of the molecule than at the end of the hydrogen. This means that the end of the hydrogen carries a positive charge, while the end of the oxygen carries a negative charge. Two water moleules are joined over the hydrogen binding when the end of the hydrogen of one molecule is attracted to the oxygen end of the other. These organicSelines contain one or more carboxylic groups, a molecular structure consisting of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. The acetic acid, which is found in the vinegar, forms dimers in their crystalline and gas conditions. Carboxylic acid is boiled at higher temperatures than water, because more energy is needed to evaporate their stronger structures.
Dimeric acids, carboxylic acids, are important in industrial applications. These substances are made of fatty acids and can be used in adhesives, resins, lubricants and heating oil. The primary part of dimeric acid is stearic acid, an organic molecule found in vegetable and animal someone, which is also commercially sold for laboratory use.
In medicine, dimers are an important tool for diagnosis of thrombosis, a condition in which a blood clot inside the vein prevents the flow bothhu. The precipitate is based on the base of the protein fragments, which then degrade and reveal the basic structure known as D-Dimer. Increased levels of D-dimer in the bloodstream indicate that clots are formed, making thrombosis probable diagnosis.
Connection between structural units may also be a problem in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule containing the genetic information of the cell. DNA, which consists of recurring subunits, is vulnerable to the damage to the ultraviolet (UV) light. The UV light exposure can cause two DNA subunits to join through covalent bonds and form a dimer. This fusion prevents the cells to properly process DNA, which ultimately leads to mutations and skin conditions, including melanoma, dangerous deracket of relatives.