What is proton?
Proton is a subatomical particle found in the core of all conventional atoms. The only place to find a material without protons is in a neutron star or the core of powerful particle accelerators. The proton has a positive charge that balances a negative charge in atoms, electrons. If the atom has protons or neutrons imbalances, it is no longer neutral and becomes a charged particle, also known as Ion.
It is difficult to determine who has exactly discovered the proton. Scientists theorized the existence of positively charged particles after the discovery of electron J. J. Thomson in 1897. Ernest Rutherford is often attributed to the discovery, based on his experiments in 1918. After a while he thought that he realized that these nitrogen hydrogen could only come from nitrogen gas. This led to the theory that the core of the hydrogen atom was the basic particle, proton and that the protons could be found in the cores of all atoms.
Atoms properties are defined by the number of electrons, neutrons and protons they have. However, the number of protons is the most important variable. This variable is in fact so significant that the number of protons in the atom core is referred to as atomic number and atoms are named on the basis of the number of protons they have.
The atomic number is the most physically relevant characteristic of the atom. Atoms with low atomic numbers are the most common in space because they are the easiest to form. Therefore, hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the universe.
In 1955, the evil twin of the protons, antiproton, discovered. Instead of having a positive charge, it has negative. Like all antimatas, it explodes when contact with normal matter.
protons are also popular among experimental physics who like to speed up to significant fractions of light speed. Ballistic protons are responsible for many discoveries in a huge "particle zoo" that physics 20. WithShe created the lifetime. Unlike their cousins, neutrons are stable outside the atomic core, which makes them useful for experimentation.