What Is an Embankment?

Embankment refers to the filled subgrade whose top surface is higher than the original ground. It is a common road cross-section form in road construction of transportation engineering.

Embankment A line structure with a certain degree of solidity filled with earth or stone on the natural ground. The choice of embankment subgrade filler and compactness control are most important in subgrade design and construction. Embankment settlement Embankment will have compacted settlement under its own weight and train load. In addition, accumulated settlement will occur under long-term repeated action of train dynamic load. Excessive settlement of the subgrade will cause subgrade damage, increase the workload of line maintenance and repair, and affect normal traffic. Therefore, how to reduce and control the settlement of the embankment is an important problem to be solved in subgrade engineering. It is mainly solved by controlling the filler and improving the compaction standard. Embankment widening curve due to the setting of outer rails

It is structurally divided into upper embankment and lower embankment. The upper embankment refers to the fill section within the thickness of 0.7m below the roadbed, and the lower embankment refers to the fill section below the upper embankment.

According to the filling height of the embankment, the embankment can be divided into low embankment and high embankment. Those with a fill height of less than 1.5m belong to low embankments; embankments with fill heights greater than 18m (soil) or 20m (stone) are high embankments. With the different conditions of the embankment and the type of reinforcement, there are also forms such as flooded embankments, foot protection embankments and trench filling embankments. The road sections other than the above special cases are ordinary embankments.

I. Embankment construction should consider the following major sources of danger and hazards:

1. Weak subgrade, steep slope subgrade and embankment filling projects that endanger existing buildings (structures) and traffic under complex environmental conditions;

2. Existing buildings (structures), equipment and facilities, pipelines, etc. within the scope of construction influence;

3. Water affecting construction;

4. Man-machine mixed operation;

5. Deep borrow field (pit).

2. Special construction plans shall be prepared for weak subgrades, steep slope subgrades and embankment endangering existing buildings (structures) and traffic under complicated environmental conditions.

3. The production of concrete, improved soil, graded crushed stone, asphalt and other roadbed materials shall meet the following requirements:

1. The mixing station shall be set up in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 17 of the "Technical Safety Regulations for the Basic Operation of Railway Engineering Construction" TB10301-2009.

2. Cover the tank before starting the mixer. During the operation of the machine, it is strictly forbidden to reach into the hopper or the mixing drum for exploration. Passing under the lifting bucket is strictly prohibited.

3. During asphalt mixing, it is strictly forbidden to stay around or pass under the overflow pipe.

4. During equipment maintenance, you must turn off the power switch and hang the maintenance warning sign.

5. Persons who come into contact with lime and corrosive additives should wear protective equipment as required.

4. The temporary prevention and drainage system should be done in the embankment construction first; no immersion in water shall be allowed in the foundation, slope foot and the area affecting the stability of the roadbed. When the embankment is built near the mountain, the surface and groundwater should be prevented from penetrating into all parts of the embankment structure.

V. Filling the ground with a steeper slope than 1: 2.5 and complex embankments such as ponds and soft soils. Settlement and displacement observations must be performed to control the filling rate and abnormalities should be discovered. Work should be stopped immediately.

6. When working on unstable ground slopes and slopes that are prone to collapse and slip, the sidewalk shall not be less than 5m from the foot of the fill slope, and warning signs shall be provided.

7. When multiple machines are operating on the same work surface, a special person should be assigned to direct the signals and keep a safe distance from each other.

8. The personnel who cooperate with mechanical operations for cleaning, paving, leveling, slope repairing, etc. should work outside the radius of mechanical rotation. ^[1]