What is a substrate concentration?

In biochemical reactions, the substrate is a substance on which the enzyme is affected. Such a reaction generally changes the substrate molecules into another substance. The term “substrate concentration” is used to describe the number of substrate molecules in solution. It is one of the factors that affects the speed of reactions and can be a limiting factor for them.

enzymes are highly specific, which means that they usually affect only one substrate. During the enzyme -controlled reaction, the enzyme combines with the substrate at an active location. For this purpose, the enzyme has a very specialized shape that fits exactly into the substrate. When the enzyme connects to the substrate, a complex of enzyme-substrate is created. After the reaction and the creation of products are completed, they are released from the enzyme that can now catalyze another reaction. The concentration of substrate, the concentration of enzyme, temperature and pH are factors that affect the speed of reactions controlled by the enzyme. The factor that is at the lowest level becomes a limiting factor in the reaction.

Concentration of

substrate is the number of molecules of substrate found in a particular solution, while the concentration of enzyme is the number of enzymes. One enzyme can act only on one substrate molecule at the same time, so increasing the enzymes means that more substrate molecule can be converted to reaction products. Also with more molecules present there is a better chance of knocking substrate and enzymes. As the number of enzymes increases, the substrate concentration is now becoming a limiting factor.

If there are more enzymes in the solution than the substrate molecule, adding another substrate or increasing the concentration of the substrate with the increase in the reaction. As the reaction proceeds, the substrate molecules are used because they are transformed into reaction products. This means that the concentration of substrate decreases over time and again becomes a limiting factor in response speed. The substrate concentration can be increased up to the point where all enzymes are used, which will be maximum speedreaction to this concentration of enzymes.

temperature and ph changes may also affect the reaction rate, even if the maximum concentration of the substrate and the enzyme concentration is used. The elevated temperature increases the speed of the reaction while the lowered temperature reduces the speed. The reason is that molecules have more energy and are more likely to combine. The temperature can only be raised to a particular point, or cause enzymes to disintegrate, as well as pH changes. Enzymes have an optimal temperature and pH in which Thej will work and provide the highest reaction rate.